“…These typical responses include proton extrusion, release of reducing or chelating substances, and increase in membrane-bound ferric chelate reductase activity (FC-R) in the roots, to reduce Fe III before its uptake via an Fe (II) transporter (Briat and Lobré aux 1997). Proton extrusion and root Fe III reducing capacities have been demonstrated for several Vitis genotypes, and shown to be related to their adaptation to Fe deficiency (Bavaresco et al 1991;Brancadoro et al 1995;Mengel and Malissiovas 1982;Nikolic et al 2000;Varanini and Maggioni 1982).…”