Mechanisms of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and quinolones in multiresistant Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from fish

Ruiz, J.

doi:10.1093/jac/43.5.699

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Resistance to nalidixic acid was relatively high. In our previous studies (Ruiz et al 1999) on (Massa et al 1995). However, resistance to gentamycin and streptomycin was higher when compared with the findings of the above researchers.…”

Section: Characterisation Of Hpc Bacteria Revealed That Bacillusmentioning

confidence: 53%

Bacteriological quality and risk assessment of the imported and domestic bottled mineral water sold in Fiji

Zeenat

Hatha

Viola

et al. 2009

Journal of Water and Health

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Considering the popularity of bottled mineral water among indigenous Fijians and tourists alike, a study was carried out to determine the bacteriological quality of different bottled waters. A risk assessment was also carried out. Seventy-five samples of bottled mineral water belonging to three domestic brands and 25 samples of one imported brand were analysed for heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria and faecal coliforms. HPC counts were determined at 228C and 378C using R2A medium and a membrane filtration technique was used to determine the faecal coliform (FC) load in 100 ml of water on mFC agar. Between 28 and 68% of the samples of the various domestic brands failed to meet the WHO standard of 100 colony forming units (cfu) per 100 ml at 228C and 7% of these also tested positive for faecal coliforms. All imported bottled mineral water samples were within WHO standards. A risk assessment of the HPC bacteria was carried out in terms of beta haemolytic activity and antibiotic resistance. More than 50% of the isolates showed beta haemolytic activity and were multi-drug resistant. While the overall quality of the product was generally good, there is a need to enforce stringent quality standards for the domestic bottlers to ensure the safety of consumers.

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Section: Characterisation Of Hpc Bacteria Revealed That Bacillusmentioning

confidence: 53%

Bacteriological quality and risk assessment of the imported and domestic bottled mineral water sold in Fiji

Zeenat

Hatha

Viola

et al. 2009

Journal of Water and Health

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“…A 30-year retrospective investigation for the presence of integrons in both older and more recent IncFI plasmids provided evidence that In-t2, carried by a Tn21-derivative, was present in IncFI plasmids since the early 1970s while In-t1 represents a recent acquisition, being detected only on IncFI plasmids isolated in 1997 [11]. Moreover, an integron identical to In-t2, located on a large conjugative plasmid, has been reported in multi-drug resistant S. enterica Typhimurium strains isolated from finfish in India in 1999 [78].…”

Section: Integron Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Importance of integrons in the diffusion of resistance

2001

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Summary -Horizontal transfer of resistance genes is a successful mechanism for the transmission and dissemination of multiple drug resistance among bacterial pathogens. The impact of horizontally transmitted genetic determinants in the evolution of resistance is particularly evident when resistance genes are physically associated in clusters and transferred en bloc to the recipient cell. Recent advances in the molecular characterisation of antibiotic resistance mechanisms have highlighted the existence of genetic structures, called integrons, involved in the acquisition of resistance genes. These DNA elements have frequently been reported in multi-drug resistant strains isolated from animals and humans, and are located either on the bacterial chromosome or on broad-host-range plasmids. The role of integrons in the development of multiple resistance relies on their unique capacity to cluster and express drug resistance genes. Moreover, the spread of resistance genes among different replicons and their exchange between plasmid and bacterial chromosome are facilitated by the integration of integrons into transposable elements. The association of a highly efficient gene capture and expression system, together with the capacity for vertical and horizontal transmission of resistance genes represents a powerful weapon used by bacteria to combat the assault of antibiotics. antimicrobial resistance / integron / transposon / horizontal gene transferRésumé -Importance des intégrons dans la diffusion de la résistance. Le transfert horizontal de gènes est un mécanisme efficace pour la transmission et la dissémination, parmi les agents pathogènes bactériens, de résistances multiples aux antibiotiques. L'impact des déterminants génétiques transmis horizontalement dans l'évolution de la résistance est particulièrement évident lorsque les gènes de résistance sont physiquement regroupés, et transférés en bloc à la cellule réceptrice. Des avancées récentes dans la caractérisation moléculaire des mécanismes de résistance aux antibiotiques ont mis en évidence l'existence de structures génétiques, appelées intégrons, impliqués dans l'acquisition de gènes de résistance. Ces éléments d'ADN ont été fréquemment observés dans des souches bactériennes multi-résistantes isolées chez des animaux ou chez des humains, localisés soit sur le chromosome bactérien, soit sur des plasmides à large spectre d'hôte. Le rôle des intégrons dans le développement de la multi-résistance repose sur leur capacité unique à former des clusters de gènes et à exprimer des gènes Vet. Res. 32 (2001) 243-259 243

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“…Other phage types of this serovar also carry integrons, but these differ from those found in phage type DT104, and are present usually on conjugative plasmids. Among these integrons, aadA gene cassettes are common [39,40,46,88]. Similar links between class 1 integrons and other serovars of Salm.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Class 1 integrons may be present in Acinetobacter isolates harbouring a class 2 integron [92], and this phenomenon has also been described for Shigella sonnei [56]. Usually class 1 and class 2 integrons are found in separate isolates [10,81,88]. Class 2 integrons have also been described in Enterobacteriaceae from urinary tract infections [78].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance integrons and super-integrons

Fluit¹,

Schmitz²

2004

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

338

241

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Integrons are genetic elements composed of a gene encoding an integrase, gene cassettes and an integration site for the gene cassettes (att). The integrase excises and integrates the gene cassettes from and into the integron, but integrons themselves are not mobile. Two groups of integrons are known: resistance integrons and super-integrons. Nearly all known gene cassettes from resistance integrons encode resistance to antibiotics or disinfectants. These integrons are found on transposons, plasmids and the bacterial chromosome. Gene cassettes in super-integrons encode a variety of different functions. Super-integrons are located on the bacterial chromosome. More than 100 gene cassettes may be present, in contrast to resistance integrons where less than ten cassettes are present. Many species harbour super-integrons, which are species-specific, whereas particular resistance integrons can be found in a variety of species. The gene cassettes in resistance integrons probably originated from super-integrons. In the last few years, a variety of new gene cassettes have been described. Many of these encode resistance against newer antibiotics such as cephalosporins and carbapenems. Resistance integrons have been found in isolates from a wide variety of sources, including food.

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Mechanisms of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and quinolones in multiresistant Salmonella typhimurium strains isolated from fish

Cited by 23 publications

References 8 publications

Bacteriological quality and risk assessment of the imported and domestic bottled mineral water sold in Fiji

Bacteriological quality and risk assessment of the imported and domestic bottled mineral water sold in Fiji

Importance of integrons in the diffusion of resistance

Resistance integrons and super-integrons

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