Medical school curriculum characteristics associated with intentions and frequency of tobacco dependence treatment among 3rd year U.S. medical students

Abstract

Objective Physicians play a critical role in addressing tobacco dependence, yet report limited training. Tobacco dependence treatment curricula for medical students could improve performance in this area. This study identified student and medical school tobacco treatment curricula characteristics associated with intentions and use of the 5As for tobacco treatment among 3rd year U.S. medical students. Methods Third year medical students (N=1065, 49.3% male) from 10 U.S. medical schools completed a survey in 2009-2010 assessing student characteristics, including demographics, tobacco treatment knowledge, and self-efficacy. Tobacco curricula characteristics assessed included amount and type of classroom instruction, frequency of tobacco treatment observation, instruction, and perception of preceptors as role models. Results Greater tobacco treatment knowledge, self-efficacy, and curriculum-specific variables were associated with 5A intentions, while younger age, tobacco treatment self-efficacy, intentions, and each curriculum-specific variable was associated with greater 5A behaviors. When controlling for important student variables, greater frequency of receiving 5A instruction (OR = 1.07; 95%CI 1.01-1.12) and perception of preceptors as excellent role models in tobacco treatment (OR = 1.35; 95%CI 1.04-1.75) were significant curriculum predictors of 5A intentions. Greater 5A instruction (B = .06 (.03); p< .05) and observation of tobacco treatment (B= .35 (.02); p< .001) were significant curriculum predictors of greater 5A behaviors. Conclusions Greater exposure to tobacco treatment teaching during medical school is associated with both greater intentions to use and practice tobacco 5As. Clerkship preceptors, or those physicians who provide training to medical students, may be particularly influential when they personally model and instruct students in tobacco dependence treatment.

The Perception and Intervention of Internship Nursing Students Helping Smokers to Quit: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chongqing, China

“…This study found that the 5A behaviors of nursing internship students helping smokers quit were associated with tobacco cessation education [18] and the preceptors’ 5A behaviors, as well as tobacco knowledge and 5As self-efficacy. This result is consistent with that of previous studies [33,34,35,36], as well as Behavior Change Theory such as the social cognitive theory and the theory of planned behavior [37,38,39,40,41,42].…”

“…The questionnaire was revised from the literature [31,32,33] and modified several times after discussions with experts and two preliminary investigations. Eligible questionnaire would be rewarded with ¥1 attached to the questionnaire.…”

Smoking-Related Attitudes and Knowledge Among Medical Students and Recent Graduates in Argentina: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Multimodal training strategies, including role-playing scenarios as well as seeing preceptors as positive role models, may also help in changing attitudes and teaching appropriate cessation treatments. 26,58 Because physicians continue to be viewed with great respect by the Argentine public, their lack of awareness of this fact may partially explain the high smoking rate in this population, and may project them as negative role models. Medical schools not only need to implement changes in the medical curricula, but also need to develop cessation programs among their students.…”

“…25 Smoking prevalence among US students in the health profession is close to 7 %. 26 In Europe, it ranges from 3.8 % in Wales 27 to 22.1 % in Germany 28 ; in Asia, from 2.1 % in Thailand 29 to 66.9 % among Chinese men. 30 Among Latin American countries, it was estimated that 16.9 % of Brazilian Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11606-016-3890-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.…”

The Study of the Impact Factors of Behaviors of Nursing Intern Students:&nbsp;PRECEDE-Based Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

“…Afterwards, lots of schools launched relative education among students including nursing and medical students [13][14][15] . Then some studies began to explore the effect of characteristics of courses on the conception and knowledge of students in helping smokers to quit [16] .…”