Medicinal Plants of Surinam

Abstract

From Aspidosperma excelsum, rootbark, which has previously been shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity, 6 antimicrobial active alkaloids were isolated and identified: il-methoxytubotaiwine, ochrolifuanine A, tetrahydrosecamine, 16-demethoxycarbonyltetrahydrosecamine, 16-hydroxytetrahydrosecamine and 1 6-hydroxy, 16-demethoxycarbonyltetrahydrosecamine. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for some of the alkaloids, using Bacillus subtilis as test organism. Didemethoxycarbonyltetrahydrosecamine was also shown to exhibit antimicrobial activity. No activity against gram negative bacteria could be found for the alkaloids by means of biograms. The site of demethoxycarbonylation in demethoxycarbonyltetrahydrosecamine was established as C-16. The structures of the two new Secamine type alkaloids, 16-hydroxytetrahydrosecamine and 16-hydroxy, 1 6-demethoxycarbonyltetrahydrosecamine were determined by means of their spectral data. During the isolation of the antimicrobially active alkaloids some inactive alkaloids were also isolated: compactinervine, N-acetylaspidospermidine, 0-dimethylaspidospermine, aricine, yohimbine and 0-acetylyohimbine.

Alcaloides indólicos de cascas de Aspidosperma vargasii e A. desmanthum

“…A característica marcante desse gênero é a presença de alcaloides indólicos, principalmente os monoterpênicos, 3 que conferem um amplo espectro de atividades biológicas reconhecidas às espécies desse gênero, tais como antitumoral, 4 antiplasmódica, 5 antimicrobiana, 6 e antibacteriana 7 consistentes, em muitos casos, com suas utilizações populares. Dentre essas atividades biológicas, a mais representativa é a citotóxica, que tem sido demonstrada frente a diferentes linhagens de células tumorais.…”

Alcalóides indólicos isolados de espécies do gênero Aspidosperma (Apocynaceae)

“…Além disso, são responsáveis pelos efeitos alucinógenos do tabaco, de bebidas e rapés utilizados por nativos da Amazônia, bem como pelas propriedades sedativas do maracujá 23 . Ensaios biológicos de muitos alcalóides monoterpênicos isolados das cascas de A. quebracho-blanco 22 indicaram atividade bloqueadora α-adrenérgica e ação inibitória de contrações de mús- 36 .…”

Indole Alkaloids from Geissospermum reticulatum

“…13,18 The structures of alkaloids 5−8 were established by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) ( Table 2). The similarity of these data indicated that these compounds were closely related.…”

“…Alkaloids 4 and 9 are the known compounds O-demethylaspidospermine and the β-carboline alkaloid flavopereirine, respectively. 13,14 The antiparasitic activities of the bark and leaf extracts and pure alkaloids against Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania infantum (the etiological agents of Chagas disease and leishmaniasis, respectively) and the cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells (CHO cell line) were tested.…”