Medium-severity hydrotreating and hydrocracking of Israeli shale oil. 1. Novel catalyst systems

Landau, Miron V.; Herskowitz, M.; Givoni, D.; Laichter, S.; Yitzhaki, D.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(96)00017-8

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Unlike the HDA and HDS processes, very high HDN activities (95 -100% conversion) were observed for both the single-and two-stage processes within the temperature range studied (350 -390ºC) (Owusu-Boakye, 2005). This implies that HDN was not retarded by the presence of hydrogen sulphide during hydro-treating and this is consistent with other studies (Landau et al, 1996;US EPA, 1999) that have reported negligible inhibition of HDN by hydrogen sulphide. 4.…”

Section: Impact Of H 2 S On Hds and Hdnsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…However, the high concentrations of aromatics makes its use as a diesel blending stock diffi cult, since high concentrations of aromatics lower the cetane number of Experimental and Kinetics Studies of Aromatic Hydrogenation in a Two-Stage Hydrotreating Process using NiMo/Al 2 O 3 and NiW/Al 2 O 3 Catalysts reating technology for aromatics hydrogenation (Cooper and Donnis, 1996). Some of the new process technologies developed include the two-stage process that has proven to be the most effi cient for maximum hydrogenation of aromatics when catalysts containing noble metals and nickel are used (Laherrere, 2003;Stanislaus and Cooper, 1994;Mahay et al, 1992;Landau et al, 1996). However, these hydrogenation catalysts are easily poisoned by the high sulphur and nitrogen contents in the feedstock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The kinetics of two-stage aromatics hydrogenation, employing a simple-fi rst order reversible reaction model have also been studied by Yui (1994). However, with the extensive research on HDA in gas oils (Mahay et al, 1992;Stanislaus and Cooper, 1994;Landau et al, 1996;Guan et al, 2004), reports on the two-stage HDA kinetics in bitumen-derived light gas oils, taking into account hydrogen sulphide inhibition are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Kinetics Studies of Aromatic Hydrogenation in a Two-Stage Hydrotreating Process using NiMo/Al2O3 and NiW/Al2O3 Catalysts

et al. 2008

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In this work, hydrogenation of aromatic compounds in light gas oil derived from Athabasca bitumen was carried out using a single‐ and two‐stage hydrotreating processes. Experiments were performed in a trickle‐bed reactor using two catalysts namely NiMo/Al2O3 and NiW/Al2O3. NiMo/Al2O3 was used in the first stage for nitrogen and sulphur containing heteroatoms removal whereas NiW/Al2O3 was used in the second stage for saturation of the aromatic rings in the hydrocarbon species. Temperature and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) were varied from 350‐390°C and 1.0‐1.5 h−1, respectively, while pressure was maintained constant at 11.0 MPa for all experiments. Results from single‐stage were compared with those from two‐stage process on the basis of reaction time. Kinetic analysis of the single‐stage hydrotreating process showed that HDA and HDS activities were retarded by the presence of hydrogen sulphide that is produced as a by‐product of the HDS process. However, with inter‐stage removal of hydrogen sulphide in the two‐stage process, significant improvement of the HDA and HDS activities were observed.

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Section: Impact Of H 2 S On Hds and Hdnsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and Kinetics Studies of Aromatic Hydrogenation in a Two-Stage Hydrotreating Process using NiMo/Al2O3 and NiW/Al2O3 Catalysts

et al. 2008

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“…The properties of the hydrogenated distillates, such as density, heteroatoms, flash point and degree of unsaturation, have been remarkably improved by hydrotreatment. Landau et al [17,18] have developed a novel catalyst system for Israeli shale oil to reduce the concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen in the hydrogenated oil, in which the degrees of hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) satisfied the requirements of the further hydrocracking process [19]. Most of the crude Israeli shale oil was transformed into clean motor fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumping Kinetics of Hydrodesulfurization and Hydrodenitrogenation of the Middle Distillate From Chinese Shale Oil

Tang¹,

Li²,

Yue³

et al. 2013

Oil Shale

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The hydrogenation experiments of the middle distillate (MD) of Chinese Huadian shale oil were carried out in a bench-scale trickle-bed reactor using a commercial catalyst Ni-Mo-W/Al 2 O 3 under various operating conditions. Three kinds of lumping kinetic models were developed in order to compare their capabilities to predict the concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen in hydrotreated oil samples. The results showed that three-lump and four-lump models can be reasonably used to describe hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and hydrodenitrogenation (HDN), respectively. The predictions made using lumping models agreed well with experimental data. The discrepancies between experimental and predicted data are smaller than 5%. The threelump model for HDS and the four-lump model for HDN were also utilized for predicting reactive features and obtaining suitable operating conditions for HDS and HDN of the middle distillate (MD) of Huadian shale oil. The species and distribution of sulfur and nitrogen compounds were also investigated.

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“…Hydrotreating processes could help solve some of the challenges with shale oil by removing pollutants like sulfur and nitrogen and by increasing the economic value of the fuel. Indeed, a fair amount of research has been done on hydrotreating shale oil [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] , and Eesti Energia, a company which produces shale oil, has done preliminary investigations with the goal of incorporating a hydrotreating unit into their shale oil plant 39 . Data on the hydrogen solubility of shale oil would be important for research and design work done in this field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Solubility of Shale Oil Containing Polar Phenolic Compounds

Baird

Uusi–Kyyny

Oja

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Many refineries use hydrogen to upgrade heavy fuel feedstocks, and therefore, hydrogen solubility is an important parameter. Shale oil is a fuel for which hydrotreatment is of interest, but no data about its hydrogen solubility can be found in the literature. This article presents experimental data for the hydrogen solubility of two shale oil samples measured at high temperatures and pressures (423 to 527 K and 40 to 140 bar). Experiments were performed using a continuous flow apparatus. Results show that the shale oil had a lower hydrogen solubility than most other fuels, probably due to the high content of polar phenolic compounds in the oil. Removing about 80 % of the phenolic compounds increased the hydrogen solubility by approximately 0.1 mol H 2 /kg oil (which is about 15 to 45 %, depending on the solubility). Analysis also showed that current prediction methods used for petroleum and coal liquids cannot reliably be used for predicting the hydrogen solubility of this shale oil and other similar fuels.

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Medium-severity hydrotreating and hydrocracking of Israeli shale oil. 1. Novel catalyst systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 15 publications

Experimental and Kinetics Studies of Aromatic Hydrogenation in a Two-Stage Hydrotreating Process using NiMo/Al2O3 and NiW/Al2O3 Catalysts

Experimental and Kinetics Studies of Aromatic Hydrogenation in a Two-Stage Hydrotreating Process using NiMo/Al2O3 and NiW/Al2O3 Catalysts

Lumping Kinetics of Hydrodesulfurization and Hydrodenitrogenation of the Middle Distillate From Chinese Shale Oil

Hydrogen Solubility of Shale Oil Containing Polar Phenolic Compounds

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