Medulloblastoma With Extracranial Metastases

Drachman, David A.; Winter, Thorne S.; Karon, Myron

doi:10.1001/archneur.1963.00460110086009

Cited by 45 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In some areas, nuclear crowding and scattered mitoses were present (Figs. C-3, (2)(3)(4). Pseudorosette formation and a fine fibrillar background was also observed in focal areas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Medulloblastoma metastatic to breast, diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy

Baliga

Holmquist

Espinoza

1994

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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The extracranial spread of a primary intracranial tumor is an infrequent occurrence. The most common metastatic sites in order of frequency are bone, lymph nodes, and soft tissue. Analysis of the literature uncovered only two case reports of medulloblastoma that had metastasized to the breast. Both of these cases were diagnosed by open surgical biopsies. We present a case of medulloblastoma metastatic to the breast which was diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy. This diagnosis was subsequently confirmed by a tru-cut surgical biopsy and was further supported by immunohistochemical studies.

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“…In some areas, nuclear crowding and scattered mitoses were present (Figs. C-3, (2)(3)(4). Pseudorosette formation and a fine fibrillar background was also observed in focal areas.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Medulloblastoma metastatic to breast, diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy

Baliga

Holmquist

Espinoza

1994

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…Hence, bone marrow aspirates/biopsy are important for thorough investigation of the skeleton/bone marrow system. Typical bone marrow metastases are often associated with pancytopenia, and weight loss [5,[16][17][18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone metastases of medulloblastoma in childhood; correlation with flow cytometric DNA analysis

1990

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Thirty children with medulloblastoma who were treated between 1980 and 1986 are presented. Flow cytometric DNA analysis using formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues showed that 15 were DNA aneuploid, 13 diploid and 2 tetraploid. After homogeneous treatment with a combination of radical resection and radiation therapy, patients with DNA aneuploid medulloblastoma showed significantly better outcome (p = 0.003). Among these 30 patients, 6 (20%) had bone metastases of medulloblastoma during a minimum of 2-year follow-up period. DNA ploidy of these patients was diploid in 5 and aneuploid in 1. Incidence of bone metastases appears to correlate with DNA ploidy (p = 0.046). At the time of discovery of bone metastases, 4 had no demonstrable recurrence in the central nervous system (CNS). Radionuclide bone scan was more sensitive in disclosing these lesions, while only one patient had positive results of bone marrow aspirates/biopsy. Three patients were treated with chemotherapy, two had a combination of regional irradiation and chemotherapy and one refused treatment. All treated bone metastases in 5 patients responded clinically and radiographically, but only one patient is alive 66 months after therapy. Four patients died due to either CNS recurrence of septic complication of chemotherapy. Early detection of bone metastases by use of frequent bone scans is important. Patients with diploid medulloblastoma should be treated with adjuvant chemotherapy in order to prevent recurrences and metastases.

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“…Haematogenous spread, while contributory in these two patients, appeared to be exclusively responsible, in the second case, for the extracranial metastases. Extracranial metastases from gliomas (Glasauer and Yuan, 1963;Rubinstein, 1967;Brust et al, 1968;Smith et al, 1969;Anzil, 1970;Eade and Urich, 1970;Wakamatsu et al, 1971;Hulbanni and Goodman, 1976;Kepes et al, 1976;Russell and Rubinstein, 1977), medulloblastomas (Drachman et al, 1963;Glasauer and Yuan, 1963;Smith et al, 1969;Russell and Rubinstein, 1977), and meningiomas (Glasauer and Yuan, 1963;Shuangshoti et al, 1970;Karasick and Mullan, 1974;Russell and Rubinstein, 1977) are well recognised. It appears that venous and/or lymphatic permeation, facilitated by craniotomy and a relatively long survival (Alvord, 1976), were the routes of dissemination in our cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is now well recognised that primary intracranial tumours can give rise to extracranial metastases (Drachman et al, 1963;Glasauer and Yuan, 1963;Eade and Urich, 1970;Karasick and Mullan, 1974;Russell and Rubinstein, 1977). All acceptable cases have been judged to be so by certain basic criteria, ie, a histologically proved characteristic tumour of the central nervous system, a sufficiently detailed necropsy to rule out the possibility of any other primary site, and similar histological appearances of the primary tumour and the metastases (Weiss, 1955).…”

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confidence: 99%

Remote metastases from intracranial tumours.

Jackson¹,

Graham²

1978

J Clin Pathol

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SUMMARY A review of the primary tumours of the nervous system encountered over the past 16 years from the population of the west of Scotland uncovered only three tumours in which remote extracranial metastases had developed. In all three, there had been surgical intervention before the appearance of metastases. The findings in these patients are compared with those in other published accounts of this unusual complication. Primary brain tumours probably account for less than I % of all deaths, and the vast majority of these kill as a result of their intracranial effects, in contrast to most malignant tumours elsewhere in the body which are lethal largely as a result of metastases. However, it is now well recognised that primary intracranial tumours can give rise to extracranial metastases (Drachman et al

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Medulloblastoma With Extracranial Metastases

Cited by 45 publications

References 25 publications

Medulloblastoma metastatic to breast, diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy

Medulloblastoma metastatic to breast, diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy

Bone metastases of medulloblastoma in childhood; correlation with flow cytometric DNA analysis

Remote metastases from intracranial tumours.

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