Membrane operations for produced water treatment

Drioli, Enrico; Ali, Aamer; Lee, Young Moo; Al-Sharif, Sharaf F.; Albeirutty, Mohammed; Macedonio, Francesca

doi:10.1080/19443994.2015.1072585

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Table 1 shows the characteristics of the synthetic oil. The American Petroleum Institute (API) of synthetic oil was calculated according to Equation (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A major challenge that the oil and gas industry faces is the presence of more than 80% water during the production process on oil and gas platforms. This water naturally comes from two sources-the reservoir and from being injected during hydrocarbon extraction [1]. Most of the water in the wells is produced as an emulsion in the surface facilities, the pipelines, and the wellbore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

2019

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Achieving emulsion stability in the petroleum industry is a major challenge due to several problems encountered in the oil refining process, such as corrosion in equipment, high-pressure drops in pipelines, and catalyst poisoning in upstream facilities. Thus, several methods are applied for emulsion treatment and chemical treatment using surface-active agents, a fundamental method in the petroleum industry. The present work investigated the performance of a non-ionic surfactant in separating water in a crude oil emulsion via the bottle test technique. Then, a Fractional Factorial Design (2 K−1 ) was used to characterise the effect of significant variables. In particular, a Pareto chart was employed and factors such as demulsifier dosage, toluene concentration, pressure, sitting time, and temperature were investigated. Accordingly, the parameters applied were further analysed using a Central Composite Design (CCD) based on the Response Surface Method (RSM). The experimental results based on analysis of Variance (ANOVA) show that demulsifier dosage, temperature, and sedimentation times were the main variables affecting the dehydration process, with the highest F-values being 564.74, 94.53 and 78.65 respectively. The increase in the surfactant dosage before critical concentration, temperature and sitting time leads to boosting dehydration efficiency. In addition, a mathematical model was established for the variables, with a coefficient of determination value of 0.9688. Finally, numerical optimisation was performed on the variables and the results show that the optimal values are 1000 ppm, 15.5 mL, −400 mmHg, 120 min, and 90 • C, for demulsifier dosage, toluene concentration, pressure, sitting time, and temperature, respectively.

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“…Table 1 shows the characteristics of the synthetic oil. The American Petroleum Institute (API) of synthetic oil was calculated according to Equation (1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

2019

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“…Specifying the mass flow rate allows the total pressure to vary in response to the numerical solution. In this boundary condition, the absolute reference system, the flow direction (normal to the inlet surface), the turbulence intensity, I = 5%, and the turbulent viscosity ratio R µ = 10, given by Equations (16) and 17, have been established.…”

Section: Boundary Conditions (A) Module Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic and Performance Evaluation of a Porous Ceramic Membrane Module Used on the Water–Oil Separation Process: An Investigation by CFD

et al. 2021

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Wastewater from the oil industry can be considered a dangerous contaminant for the environment and needs to be treated before disposal or re-use. Currently, membrane separation is one of the most used technologies for the treatment of produced water. Therefore, the present work aims to study the process of separating oily water in a module equipped with a ceramic membrane, based on the Eulerian–Eulerian approach and the Shear-Stress Transport (SST k-ω) turbulence model, using the Ansys Fluent® 15.0. The hydrodynamic behavior of the water/oil mixture in the filtration module was evaluated under different conditions of the mass flow rate of the fluid mixture and oil concentration at the entrance, the diameter of the oil particles, and membrane permeability and porosity. It was found that an increase in the feed mass flow rate from 0.5 to 1.5 kg/s significantly influenced transmembrane pressure, that varied from 33.00 to 221.32 kPa. Besides, it was observed that the particle diameter and porosity of the membranes did not influence the performance of the filtration module; it was also verified that increasing the permeability of the membranes, from 3 × 10−15 to 3 × 10−13 m2, caused transmembrane pressure reduction of 22.77%. The greater the average oil concentration at the permeate (from 0.021 to 0.037 kg/m3) and concentrate (from 1.00 to 1.154 kg/m3) outlets, the higher the average flow rate of oil at the permeate outlets. These results showed that the filter separator has good potential for water/oil separation.

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“…Many exploration and production activities, including oil industries, produce large quantities of residues and effluents. The greatest volume of effluents from oil industries is the produced water, which consists of a mixture of water from natural formation (larger part) below or inside oil and gas reservoirs, reinjected water, and chemical compounds used during the drilling, stimulation, production, and oil-water separation processes (Santos et al, 2014;Drioli et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal contents in soils irrigated with diluted treated produced water from oil

Costa

Vale

Batista

et al. 2020

Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in soil metal contents in an Ultisol cultivated with forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera) irrigated with diluted treated oil produced water (TOPW). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five replications. The treatments consisted of 100% underground water (T1); 75% underground water plus 25% TOPW (T2); 50% underground water plus 50% TOPW (T3); 25% underground water plus 75% TOPW (T4); and 100% TOPW (T5). The plots consisted of 25 pots of 20 L in a greenhouse, in Mossoró, RN, Brazil. Soil samples from the 0-0.10 m and 0.10-0.20 m layers were collected at 240 days after planting, and Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, and Pb contents were evaluated. The use of irrigations with diluted TOPW caused no contamination of the soils cultivated with forage cactus by the evaluated metals. T2 presented the lowest metal contents. Cr and Pb contents in the soil were significantly high, indicating that the application of TOPW should not be used continuously in the same area.

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Membrane operations for produced water treatment

Cited by 29 publications

References 57 publications

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

Separation Emulsion via Non-Ionic Surfactant: An Optimization

Hydrodynamic and Performance Evaluation of a Porous Ceramic Membrane Module Used on the Water–Oil Separation Process: An Investigation by CFD

Metal contents in soils irrigated with diluted treated produced water from oil

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