Membrane oxygenators: influence of design on performance

Gaylor, J.D.S.; Hickey, Stephen; Bell, George; Pei, Jin-Xia

doi:10.1177/026765919400900304

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The advantages of the membrane oxygenator over the bubble oxygenator have led to their widespread use [1][2][3][4][5] despite their more elevated cost. 6 Modifications in their design have aimed towards reductions in the priming volume and surface area in order to minimize haemodilution and blood contact with foreign surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7 hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Membrane oxygenators have now gained wide acceptance. A new hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator, the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7, with an optimized membrane surface (1.7 m2) and a wavy blood flow pattern, was tested for gas transfer and blood path resistance in a standardized setting with surviving animals. Three calves (mean body weight 63.29 +/- 2.9 kg) were connected to cardiopulmonary bypass by jugular venous and carotid arterial cannulation, classic roller pump and the Dideco D903 oxygenator with a mean flow rate of 53 +/- 0.1 ml/kg/min for 6 h. After this time, the animals were weaned from the CPB and thereafter from the ventilator. After 7 days, the animals were killed electively. Blood gas analysis was performed before bypass, after mixing (10 min) and then hourly for the 6 h of perfusion. Further samples were taken 30 min (spontaneous breathing) and 60 min after bypass (extubated). Physiological blood gas values could be maintained throughout perfusion in all animals. Mean arterial oxygen saturation varied between 99.3% and 99.7% for the arterial side of the oxygenator compared to 64.6% and 71% for the venous side. The highest mean pressure drop through the oxygenator was 54 mmHg. Postbypass blood gas analysis showed physiological values and no evidence of major lung trauma or pulmonary oedema in relation to the 6 h perfusion. The hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator, Dideco D903, offers excellent gas exchange capabilities and a low pressure drop under experimental conditions, despite reduced membrane surface area. The post mortem examination did not show any deleterious lesion.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental evaluation of the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7 hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Anesthesia was induced with ketamine (20 mg/kg, IM, Fort Dodge Laboratories, Ford Dodge, IA) and sodium pentobarbital (3-5 mg/ kg IV as needed, Abbott Laboratories, N. Chicago, IL) [15][16][17][18]. After endotracheal intubation, the pigs were connected to the ventilator.…”

Section: Cardiopulmonary Bypass With a Roller Pump A Hollow-fiber Oxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a median sternotomy, an arterial cannula was inserted into the ascending aorta (16-18F) and a venous cannula (40F) was inserted into the right atrium via the atrial appendage and was retained by purse-string sutures. The arterial and venous lines were connected with components of the CPB [15][16][17][18]. Cardiopulmonary bypass was initiated and the left ventricle was vented via the left atrial appendage.…”

Section: Cardiopulmonary Bypass With a Roller Pump A Hollow-fiber Oxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thoracotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass on activated platelet and neutrophil dynamics and platelet emboli in a pig model

et al. 1996

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of thoracotomy and components of extracorporeal circuits on dynamics of platelets and neutrophils were quantified with autologous In-111-labeled platelets (INPLT) and neutrophils (INN) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) operations in Yorkshire pigs. Cardiopulmonary bypass was carried out with a hollow-fiber oxygenator and an arterial filter in 48 pigs (30-35 kg; 12 unoperated controls for platelets and neutrophils; 12 sham operated controls; 12 with 180 minutes of CPB with platelets and neutrophils; 12 with 90 minutes of CPB and 90 minutes of reperfusion at 2.5-3.5 one/min. Platelets and neutrophils were labeled with In-111 tropolone and were injected intravenously: platelets at 24 hours and neutrophils at 15 minutes before CPB. All pigs were systemically heparinized [activated coagulation time (ACT) > 400 seconds]; CPB was instituted with a roller pump, oxygenator (OX; Bentley Univox, 1.8 m2), and arterial filter (AF; 0.025 m2) for durations of 180 minutes and 90 minutes of bypass, followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion. The kinetics and pooling of platelets and neutrophils were monitored by a Geiger probe. The adherent thrombi and neutrophils in the OX, AF, viscera, and brain were imaged with a gamma camera and were measured with an ion chamber and a gamma counter. The percentile distribution of labeled platelets and neutrophils expressed as the mean +/- standard deviation of injected dose in eight groups was calculated and statistical analyses were performed (ANOVA and paired t-test). Sham operation alone increased platelet retention in the lung, heart, and brain significantly (p < 0.001) over that of unoperated pigs. Neutrophil margination to lung immediately after injection was high; CPB and reperfusion altered the distribution in blood, viscera, and connective tissues. During CPB, an equilibrium among single platelets, platelet thrombi, and emboli was reached in the blood, oxygenator, arterial filter, perfused organs, and tissues. After CPB, the pulmonary neutrophil retention increased significantly (p < 0.001). Reperfusion of 90 minutes following 90 minutes of CPB decreased the level of neutrophils and increased the level of platelets in the lung. Only a small amount of platelets and neutrophils was retained in the oxygenator and arterial filter. Neutrophil retention in the OX and AF was higher than that of platelets. The small amount of retained neutrophils in the heart, kidneys, and brain suggested that cytokines, rather than marginated neutrophils alone, may play a major role in inflammatory insult to these organs during and after CPB. OX thrombi increased with the time of CPB; AF thrombus in both groups was almost similar. During CPB, AF functioned minimally as a thrombus trap with a small percent of retained thrombi; reperfusion post-CPB did not change the amount. Thoracotomy alone has a significant effect on platelet and neutrophil kinetics, and on the subsequent effect of thrombus formation, embolization, and neutrophil margination in organs during the CPB procedure.

show abstract

“…Membrane oxygenators, also known as artificial lungs, are used for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to support short‐term cardiopulmonary function for patients with respiratory failure . The membranes equipped in membrane oxygenators require high gas transfer performance and excellent hemocompatibility .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication, Characterization, and Hemocompatibility Investigation of Polysulfone Grafted With Polyethylene Glycol and Heparin Used in Membrane Oxygenators

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polysulfone (PSF) was grafted chemically with polyethylene glycol (PEG) of different molecular weights (400, 2000, 10 000, and 20 000) and heparin to prepare PSF-PEG-Hep membranes (labeled as PSF-PEG400-Hep, PSF-PEG2000-Hep, PSF-PEG10 000-Hep, and PSF-PEG20 000-Hep). These membranes were synthesized via the following steps: (i) PSF chloromethylation; (ii) PEGylation; and (iii) heparin immobilization process. Water contact angle, critical water permeation pressure, ATR-FTIR, H NMR, UV-visible spectrophotometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were conducted to prove grafting success and to fix the optimal reaction parameters during chemical modification processes. To further evaluate the application potential of the PSF-PEG-Hep membrane in a membrane oxygenator, we conducted pure CO and O gas permeation tests and measured the gas exchange rates of CO and O through a membrane oxygenator using fresh porcine blood. Meanwhile, the hemocompatibility of the membrane was analyzed and compared by protein adsorption, platelet adhesion, and blood coagulation tests. Results of pure gas permeation experiments indicated that the excellent gas transmission properties through PSF membrane were preserved after modification. Blood oxygenation experiments through the PSF-PEG10 000-Hep membrane showed that when the flow rate of porcine blood was 1.5 L/min, CO and O exchange rates reached 102 and 110 mL/min, respectively, which could basically satisfy the gas exchange potential of commercial membrane oxygenators. Besides, the PSF-PEG-Hep membrane has demonstrated more prominent blood compatibility than PSF.

show abstract

Membrane oxygenators: influence of design on performance

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Experimental evaluation of the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7 hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

Experimental evaluation of the Dideco D903 Avant 1.7 hollow-fibre membrane oxygenator

Effect of thoracotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass on activated platelet and neutrophil dynamics and platelet emboli in a pig model

Fabrication, Characterization, and Hemocompatibility Investigation of Polysulfone Grafted With Polyethylene Glycol and Heparin Used in Membrane Oxygenators

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About