Meta-design: Transforming and Enriching the Design and Use of Socio-technical Systems

Fischer, Gerhard; Herrmann, Thomas

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6720-4_6

Cited by 39 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Most scholars consider socio-technical systems as the combination of the social and the technical dimension. We suggest that the intertwinement between both and its evolution are the most crucial challenges of sociotechnical design (Fischer and Herrmann 2015;Herrmann et al 2021). Human-computer interaction (HCI) plays a major role for this intertwinement and therefore also in our study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence

Herrmann

Pfeiffer

2022

AI & Soc

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The human-centered AI approach posits a future in which the work done by humans and machines will become ever more interactive and integrated. This article takes human-centered AI one step further. It argues that the integration of human and machine intelligence is achievable only if human organizations—not just individual human workers—are kept “in the loop.” We support this argument with evidence of two case studies in the area of predictive maintenance, by which we show how organizational practices are needed and shape the use of AI/ML. Specifically, organizational processes and outputs such as decision-making workflows, etc. directly influence how AI/ML affects the workplace, and they are crucial for answering our first and second research questions, which address the pre-conditions for keeping humans in the loop and for supporting continuous and reliable functioning of AI-based socio-technical processes. From the empirical cases, we extrapolate a concept of “keeping the organization in the loop” that integrates four different kinds of loops: AI use, AI customization, AI-supported original tasks, and taking contextual changes into account. The analysis culminates in a systematic framework of keeping the organization in the loop look based on interacting organizational practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence

Herrmann

Pfeiffer

2022

AI & Soc

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“…Developing EUD tools that support users in their current practice, and evaluating the success of these tools in doing so, are major challenges, which require investigation beyond participants interacting with a tool in a lab study. In real-world deployments, individuals' interactions with technology are highly dependent on other individuals who form part of their working practices, and existing technologies already used, in what can be considered as socio-technical systems [8].…”

Section: End-user Development (Eud)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.1.1 Collaboration and support. In cooperation with peers, or as supervisors to students, researchers work in teams with varying experience, where community support could improve ease-of-use [8]. P2 explained how research is typically conducted as part of a team with different specialities.…”

Section: Functionality Requirementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

End-User Development of Experience Sampling Smartphone Apps -Recommendations and Requirements

Rough

Quigley

2020

Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol.

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Professional programmers are significantly outnumbered by end-users of software, making it problematic to predict the diverse, dynamic needs of these users in advance. An end-user development (EUD) approach, supporting the creation and modification of software independent of professional developers, is one potential solution. EUD activities are applicable to the work practices of psychology researchers and clinicians, who increasingly rely on software for assessment of participants and patients, but must also depend on developers to realise their requirements. In practice, however, the adoption of EUD technology by these two end-user groups is contingent on various contextual factors that are not well understood. In this paper, we therefore establish recommendations for the design of EUD tools allowing non-programmers to develop apps to collect data from participants in their everyday lives, known as "experience sampling" apps. We first present interviews conducted with psychology researchers and practising clinicians on their current working practices and motivation to adopt EUD tools. We then describe our observation of a chronic disease management clinic. Finally, we describe three case studies of psychology researchers using our EUD tool Jeeves to undertake experience sampling studies, and synthesise recommendations and requirements for tools allowing the EUD of experience sampling apps. CCS Concepts: • Human-centered computing → Smartphones; Ubiquitous and mobile computing design and evaluation methods; User centered design; Field studies; • Software and its engineering → Visual languages; • Applied computing → Consumer health; Psychology.

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“…Within these systems a great variety of factors and actors interlink (Van der Zee & Vanneste, 2015;Lemon & Verhoef 2016). Some of these factors are social, others are technical in nature (Sanders, 2002;Fischer & Herrmann, 2015). Social factors relate to the interaction that takes place between a destination and its guests and includes both co-production and user-centeredness (Sigala, 2016;Nasution, Sembada, Miliani, Resti, & Prawono, 2014;Kim & Fesenmaier, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Destination management organisations as meta-designers

Bachinger

Marković

2020

Tourism (Zagreb, Online)

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DMOs increasingly find themselves managing complex socio-technological systems. They face ‘wicked problems’ at the point where humans and technological systems intersect. Such problems require the remit of DMOs to grow from its current status of meta-management into the new concept of meta-design. Whereas meta-management relies on strategic planning and a predictable future, meta-design takes into account unpredictable dynamics of destinations as experience production systems. The term meta-design implies designing design; it targets those structures and processes in destinations that facilitate the co-production of tourism experiences. Based on a survey in Germany and Montenegro this paper investigates whether, and to what degree, DMOs practice meta-design, what factors characterise their meta-design and what circumstances drive them to take on the task of meta-design. Results show that only a small number of DMOs in both countries practice meta-design. The DMOs who adhere most closely to such a role operate at a superordinate geographical level. Digitalisation and user-centeredness are important features of meta-design; however, DMOs realise both of these features to different degrees. Contact with service providers along with available networking resources influence DMOs to practice meta-design. Differences exist between Montenegro and Germany due to their markets and normative settings. In discussing these results, some practical recommendations and further fields of research have been formulated.

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Meta-design: Transforming and Enriching the Design and Use of Socio-technical Systems

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence

Keeping the organization in the loop: a socio-technical extension of human-centered artificial intelligence

End-User Development of Experience Sampling Smartphone Apps -Recommendations and Requirements

Destination management organisations as meta-designers

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