Metabolic and Proteomic Perspectives of Augmentation of Nutritional Contents and Plant Defense in Vigna unguiculata

Abstract

The current study enlists metabolites of Alstonia scholaris with bioactivities, and the most active compound, 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl) pyridine, was selected against Macrophomina phaseolina. Appraisal of the Alstonia metabolites identified the 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl) pyridine as a bioactive compound which elevated vitamins and nutritional contents of Vigna unguiculata up to ≥18%, and other physiological parameters up to 28.9%. The bioactive compound (0.1%) upregulated key defense genes, shifted defense metabolism from salicylic acid to jasmonic acid, and induced glucanase enzymes for improved defenses. The structural studies categorized four glucanase-isozymes under beta-glycanases falling in (Trans) glycosidases with TIM beta/alpha-barrel fold. The study determined key-protein factors (Q9SAJ4) for elevated nutritional contents, along with its structural and functional mechanisms, as well as interactions with other loci. The nicotine-docked Q9SAJ4 protein showed a 200% elevated activity and interacted with AT1G79550.2, AT1G12900.1, AT1G13440.1, AT3G04120.1, and AT3G26650.1 loci to ramp up the metabolic processes. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the physiological mechanism involved in the enrichment of the nutritional contents of V. unguiculata. Metabolic studies concluded that increased melibiose and glucose 6-phosphate contents, accompanied by reduced trehalose (-0.9-fold), with sugar drifts to downstream pyruvate biosynthesis and acetyl Co-A metabolism mainly triggered nutritional contents. Hydrogen bonding at residues G.357, G.380, and G.381 docked nicotine with Q9SAJ4 and transformed its bilobed structure for easy exposure toward substrate molecules. The current study augments the nutritional value of edible stuff and supports agriculture-based country economies.

Effect of Foliar Fertigation of Chitosan Nanoparticles on Cadmium Accumulation and Toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum

“…From previous studies, it is alleged that lycopene is effective in prostate cancer prevention and protecting the skin from UV rays. In Solanum lycopersicum, Cd is a major dilemma that limits the growth and developmental processes significantly [36,38]. Therefore, the present experiment verifies that exogenous treatment of CTS-NPs can significantly reduce the toxic effects of Cd by up-regulating the defense mechanisms.…”

“…Cadmium is one of the most toxic pollutants and represents a worldwide hazardous concern [35]. In the agricultural system, Cd shows proficient root-to-shoot transduction, causing abnormalities such as nutritional shortage, reticence of chlorophyll formation, decrease in photosynthesis by troubling the enzymes concerned in the Calvin cycle [36,37], restraining the stomatal aperture by prying with the plant's water balance, infuriating oxidative stress by changing metabolism, preventing crop growth by metabolic abnormality, and finally, limiting the plant's growth which leads to plant death [38]. Additionally, the deposition of Cd in the human body via food chain, poses severe problems and health issues, such as a high rate of cancer (prostate and lung) and bone malformation [39].…”

Calcium Nanoparticles Impregnated With Benzenedicarboxylic Acid: A New Approach to Alleviate Combined Stress of DDT and Cadmium in Brassica alboglabra by Modulating Bioacummulation, Antioxidative Machinery and Osmoregulators

“…This study remains an outstanding approach in the field of plant protection and cell physiology. In addition, Bd has a tendency to change the physiological processes and genetic controls of plants (Khan et al, 2019;Ahmad et al, 2020a). Stress factors (e.g., DDT) induce metabolic imbalances and encourage EL and oxidative stress, contributing to the accumulation of solutes in the form of adaptive cellular responses (Jan et al, 2012;Shafique et al, 2014).…”

Magnetic Field Stimulation Effect on Germination and Antioxidant Activities of Presown Hybrid Seeds of Sunflower and Its Seedlings

“…Presowing magnetic seed treatment also increases ascorbic acid contents [12]. Magnetic seed stimulation could be employed to recover seed potency by increasing enzymes and proteins' activity [13]. Consequently, without any alteration in the seed's chemical composition, biochemical functions such as ion concentration, electrical charges, and free radicals are enhanced and can make the membrane more permeable.…”