“…Zymomonas mobilis is a natural ethanologenic bacterium with desirable industrial characteristics such as generally regarded as safe (GRAS), high sugar uptake efficiency and conversion rate, low by-product, phage free and no need to control aeration during fermentation ( Yang Q. et al, 2020a ; Yang et al, 2021 ). Various native and heterologous metabolic pathways have been enhanced or constructed using the established CRISPR-Cas genome editing toolkits ( Shen et al, 2019 ; Zheng et al, 2019 ; Yang Y. et al, 2020b ) for desirable bioproducts, such as isobutanol, 2,3-butanediol, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and lactate ( Yang et al, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2020 ; Yang et al, 2021 ; Li et al, 2022 ). In addition to pure sugars, lignocellulosic hydrolysates can also be utilized as carbon sources by Z. mobilis ( Yang et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2018 ; Todhanakasem et al, 2019 ).…”