Metabolism and Disposition of Pan-Genotypic Inhibitor of Hepatitis C Virus NS5A Ombitasvir in Humans

Shen, Jianwei; Serby, Michael D.; Surber, Bruce W.; Lee, Anthony J.; Ma, Jun; Badri, Prajakta; Menon, Rajeev; Kavetskaia, Olga; Morais, Sonia M. de; Sydor, Jens; Fischer, Volker

doi:10.1124/dmd.115.067496

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Strong CYP3A inducers may cause a significant decrease in systemic exposure of all drugs within the 3D regimen, whereas strong CYP3A4 inhibitors may cause a modest increase in paritaprevir and ritonavir systemic exposures and minimal to no change to dasabuvir and ombitasvir exposures. The minimal inhibition of CYP3A is due to the presence of coadministered ritonavir and compensating non-P450-mediated amide hydrolysis of ombitasvir (Shen et al, 2016b). It should be noted that in the presence of ritonavir within the 3D regimen where CYP3A metabolism of paritaprevir is nearly shut down, the high distribution of paritaprevir to the liver is mainly driven by hepatic uptake transporters (OATP1B1/1B3).…”

Section: Perpetrator Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms and Predictions of Drug-Drug Interactions of the Hepatitis C Virus Three Direct-Acting Antiviral Regimen: Paritaprevir/Ritonavir, Ombitasvir, and Dasabuvir

et al. 2017

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To assess drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential for the three direct-acting antiviral (3D) regimen of ombitasvir, dasabuvir, and paritaprevir, in vitro studies profiled drug-metabolizing enzyme and transporter interactions. Using mechanistic static and dynamic models, DDI potential was predicted for CYP3A, CYP2C8, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1, organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1/1B3, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP), and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Perpetrator static model DDI predictions for metabolizing enzymes were within 2-fold of the clinical observations, but additional physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling was necessary to achieve the same for drug transporters. When perpetrator interactions were assessed, ritonavir was responsible for the strong increase in exposure of sensitive CYP3A substrates, whereas paritaprevir (an OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitor) greatly increased the exposure of sensitive OATP1B1/1B3 substrates. The 3D regimen drugs are UGT1A1 inhibitors and are predicted to moderately increase plasma exposure of sensitive UGT1A1 substrates. Paritaprevir, ritonavir, and dasabuvir are BCRP inhibitors. Victim DDI predictions were qualitatively in line with the clinical observations. Plasma exposures of the 3D regimen were reduced by strong CYP3A inducers (paritaprevir and ritonavir; major CYP3A substrates) but were not affected by strong CYP3A4 inhibitors, since ritonavir (a CYP3A inhibitor) is already present in the regimen. Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors increased plasma exposure of dasabuvir (a major CYP2C8 substrate), OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitors increased plasma exposure of paritaprevir (an OATP1B1/1B3 substrate), and P-gp or BCRP inhibitors (all compounds are substrates of P-gp and/or BCRP) increased plasma exposure of the 3D regimen. Overall, the comprehensive mechanistic assessment of compound disposition along with mechanistic and PBPK approaches to predict victim and perpetrator DDI liability may enable better clinical management of nonstudied drug combinations with the 3D regimen.

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Section: Perpetrator Profilementioning

confidence: 99%