Metabolite Profiling of Tabat Barito (Ficus deltoidea) Using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS

Abstract

Tabat Barito (Ficus deltoidea) is known as a plant that has potency as an antioxidant because containing a significant phenolic compound. In this study, we performed metabolite profiling on F. deltoidea leaves by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS to identify its phenolic compounds. Extraction by maceration and ultrasonication techniques with methanol (MM and UM) and ethanol (ME and UE) were used to extract the F. deltoidea metabolites. About 70 metabolites were identified by using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS in negative ion mode. The amounts of metabolites found in each extract were different, i.e., 45 metabolites in MM, 64 metabolites in UM, 42 metabolites in UE and 41 metabolites in ME. MS/MS could further tentatively identify 16 metabolites. The identified compounds belonged to the class of flavonoids and phenolic acid. Also, we conducted an antioxidant activity by using DPPH method on each extract to determine its potency as an antioxidant. The highest antioxidant activity was exhibited by UM extract (IC50 71.93 ppm) may be due to the number of metabolites in UM extract which was higher than the other extract based on the detected metabolites.

In Vitro and In Vivo Nephrotoxicity Evaluation of the Methanol Extract of Ficus deltoidea Jack Leaf

“…Ficus deltoidea Jack is a plant belonging to the Moraceae family, it is widespread in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. 1,2 Rural communities in Kalimantan utilize Ficus deltoidea Jack leaves as a medicinal plant for the treatment of variety of diseases. 3 The plant has been scientifically proven to possess numerous biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activiries.…”

“…3 The plant has been scientifically proven to possess numerous biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activiries. 1,2,3 Phytochemical investigation has revealed that Ficus deltoidea Jack leaves contain alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, and steroids at concentrations of 154.31 mg/mL, 99.689 mg/mL, 62.917 mg/mL, and 49.036 mg/mL, respectively. 4 Due to its antibacterial activity, Ficus deltoidea Jack leaves have been used as mouthwash as it has been found to possess both bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on harmful oral microorganisms.…”

Metabolite Profiling of Ficus deltoidea’s Most Active Fraction as Anti-Candida albicans Using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS

“…14 Although several metabolite profiling analyzes have been carried out on several plants, metabolite profiling analysis of the active fraction of F. deltoidea on Candida has not been reported. Secondary metabolite compounds have been reported successfully isolated from F. deltoidea, among others: flavonoid compounds such as epigallocatechin, epicatechin, catechin, afzelechin, epiafzelechin, apigenin, luteolin, vitexin and isovitexin, 15 epi-lupeol, moretenol 16 which of all the compounds that have been isolated have never been reported to have activity against Candida. F. deltoidea scientific data about antifungal, especially against Candida albicans are still rarely found.…”