Dedicated to Professor D r. W olfgang Steglich on the occasion o f his 60 th birthdayArthrobotrys oligospora, Nematode-Trapping Fungi, Oligosporon, Oligosporols A and B, Cytotoxic ActivitiesThe isolation, structural elucidation and biological activities of oligosporon (1), oligosporol A (2) and oligosporol B (3), three new antibiotics from cultures of the predacious deuteromycete, Arthrobotrys oligospora, are reported. The structures were elucidated by means of high resolution mass and high field N M R spectroscopy. The compounds exhibited weak antimicro bial, cytotoxic and hemolytic effects, but were not active towards the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Other Arthrobotrys species were also found to produce these or similar compounds.