Metal‐Halide Perovskite Lasers: Cavity Formation and Emission Characteristics

Abstract

Hybrid metal‐halide perovskites (MHPs) have shown remarkable optoelectronic properties as well as facile and cost‐effective processability. With the success of MHP solar cells and light‐emitting diodes, MHPs have also exhibited great potential as gain media for on‐chip lasers. However, to date, stable operation of optically pumped MHP lasers and electrically driven MHP lasers—an essential requirement for MHP laser's insertion into chip‐scale photonic integrated circuits—is not yet demonstrated. The main obstacles include the instability of MHPs in the atmosphere, rudimentary MHP laser cavity patterning methods, and insufficient understanding of emission mechanisms in MHP materials and cavities. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of different strategies to improve the intrinsic properties of MHPs in the atmosphere and to establish an optimal MHP cavity patterning method. In addition, this review discusses different emission mechanisms in MHP materials and cavities and how to distinguish them.

Enhancing Luminescence in Hue-Tunable White-Light Emitting K4CdCl6:Sb3+,Mn2+ All-Inorganic Halide Perovskites: Insights from Defect Engineering and Energy Transfer

“…Many derivatives of Cd-based AIHPs have been developed host lattices for various luminescent materials through the substituting the Cd 2+ with different dopants, such as Sb 3+ , Sn 2+ , and Mn 2+ (Table S1). − ,− The Sb 3+ and Mn 2+ -codoped 2D AIHPs Cs 3 Cd 2 Cl 7 :Sb 3+ ,Mn 2+ have ultralong afterglow emission at 579 nm. The Sb 3+ /Mn 2+ doped the hexagonal CsCdCl 3 AIHPs lead to red/orange afterglow emission with the longest duration after removal of the UV excitation, which is expected for application in biological imaging, photodynamic therapy, and optical anticounterfeiting. ,, The Cs 2 CdCl 4 :Sb 3+ nanoplatelets exhibit cyan emission with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 20%, highlighting the potential of colloidal chemistry methods to study the full diversity of Ruddlesden–Popper phases .…”

“…The AIHPs with high chemical and thermal stabilities, excellent optical properties, low-cost synthesis, and tunable bandgap have promising applications in luminescence tagging, imaging, and medical diagnostics in optoelectronic region. − The Cd-based AIHPs and their derivatives have recently received significant attention due to their various structures and composition-dependent luminescence. − The derivatives of Cd-based AIHPs make it possible to achieve multiple functional materials with the desired optoelectronic properties. The Cd-based AIHPs materials, including 3D CsCdCl 3 with a direct band gap, 2D Cs 3 Cd 2 Cl 7 and 0D Cs 2 CdCl 4 with indirect band gaps, have been obtained by adjusting the reagent concentrations, temperature, and injection rates .…”

Enhanced Amplified Spontaneous Emission from Perovskite Films by a Multifunctional 4′‐Aminoacetophenone Hydrochloride Additive Assistant Engineering

“…In recent years, metal halide perovskites are an emerging and promising class of semiconductor material that have contributed to tremendous progresses in optoelectronic devices containing lasers, photovoltaics cells, light-emitting diodes, and photodetectors. [1][2][3][4] Particularly, the intrinsic advantages of their hybrid semiconductor properties, such as high photoluminescence quantum yield, narrow emission linewidth, high optical gain performance, long-distance bipolar carrier diffusion, high defect tolerance and easily tunable optical bandgap, ensure that the perovskites films act as a promising coherent light source and versatile candidate for developing high-performance solutionprocessed lasers. [5,6] The perovskite materials with various morphologies containing nanocrystals, [7] nanowires, [8] polycrystalline thin films, [9] nanoplates [10] and spherical resonators [11] can present the stimulated emission, and can be used as an optical gain medium in the visible and nearinfrared spectra.…”

Epitaxy growth of MAPbBrxCl3−x single-crystalline perovskite films toward spectral selective detection in both broadband and narrowband ranges

“…1–3 As outstanding representatives of these kinds of materials, methylammonium lead halide perovskites (MAPbX 3 , where MA + refers to CH 3 NH 3 + , X − refers to Cl − , Br − , I − , or their mixtures) present large potential for next-generation, solution processed optoelectronic devices such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes (LED), lasers, transistors and photodetectors (PD). 4–8 In contrast to conventional semiconductors such as silicon, germanium, and selenium, MAPbX 3 perovskites also show a superiority in a continuous tunable absorption wavelength range from ultraviolet (UV) to near infrared (NIR) through a multitude of element components. 9,10 The bandgap tunability provides more possibilities for the development of metal halide perovskite-based applications such as various efficient hybrid tandem solar cells, 11,12 LEDs with an emitted light wavelength from the entire visible to NIR spectrum, 4,13 and photodetectors with various spectral photoresponses.…”