Metal–Organic Frameworks for Ion Conduction

Abstract

Solid-state ionic conductors are compelling alternatives to liquid electrolytes in clean energy-harvesting and -storage technologies. The development of novel ionic conducting materials is one of the most critical challenges for next-generation energy technologies. Several advancements in design strategies, synthetic approaches, conducting properties, and underlying mechanisms for ionic conducting metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been made over the past five years; however, despite the recent, considerable expansion of related research fields, there remains a lack of systematic overviews. Here, an extensive introduction to ionic conducting performance for MOFs with different design strategies is provided, focusing primarily on ion mobility with the aid of hydrogen-bonding networks or solvated ionic charge. Furthermore, current theories on ion conducting mechanisms in different regimes are comprehensively summarized to provide an understanding of the underlying working principles in complex, realistic systems. Finally, challenges and future research directions at the forefront of ionic conducting MOF technologies are outlined.

The Activity of Gamma Irradiated Poly (Thiourea–Formaldehyde) Resin against Aquatic Microbes and Cytotoxic Activity

“…This kind of material provides both high flexibility and thermal stability. The existence of organic parts and inorganic fractions in the same polymeric backbone combine these properties together (Chen et al, 2021;Xue et al, 2022). Coordinated polymers were widely synthesized using thiourea and its derivatives such as bidentate ligands due to the special chemical structure of thiourea.…”

A practical perspective on the potential of rechargeable Mg batteries

“…Mg 2+ ion transference number close to one. Currently, most materials, which can satisfy the above requirements, may be divided into three groups: [53][54][55] Metal-organic frameworks -based solid-state electrolytes (MOFs): [56][57][58] MOFs present three-dimensional scaffold comprised of metal ions connected by organic ligands; the void space inside the scaffold may be filled with a Mg-salt solution, thus featuring a 3D system of interconnected ionic channels of a few Angstroms in diameter. These emerging Mg 2+ -electrolytes look promising alternatives to the liquid electrolytes, while the best reported conductivity of such electrolyte is 1.0 mS cm À1 .…”

High-Efficiency Lithium-Ion Transport in a Porous Coordination Chain-Based Hydrogen-Bonded Framework

“…To construct selective pathways for fast Li + transport kinetics, well-matched interactions between Li + ions and hopping sites, − as well as suitable channel environments to prevent anion movement that causes side reactions and formation of lithium dendrites − are required. These two factors can be simultaneously achieved in porous coordination compounds based on the construction of anion-restricted channels and introduction of well-defined electronegative sites with a suitable interaction strength for Li + hopping. − Additionally, to enhance the interfacial compatibility, porous structures based on hydrogen-bonded low-dimensional coordination units have the advantage of structural flexibility , but are highly challenging to be synthesized due to the unpredictable and complex hydrogen-bond formation process.…”