Metal Wire Networks Functionalized with Nickel Alkanethiolate for Transparent and Enzymeless Glucose Sensors

Abstract

Futuristic healthcare technology including glucose sensors demands wearable components that ought to be transparent and flexible. Nickel nanostructures have proven to be highly efficient as electrocatalysts for glucose sensors. In this study, we explore single-source precursors of nickel alkylthiolate, Ni(SR) 2 , complexes as active electrode materials and coat them on a transparent gold (Au) mesh network to fabricate a transparent and highly efficient glucose sensor. The metal thiolate complex is electrooxidized in the alkaline medium by repeated cyclic voltammetry measurements to give rise to Ni redox-active centers with sharp anodic and cathodic peaks. Among different chain length metal alkylthiolates, nickel butanethiolate with the shortest carbon chain (C4) is found to be the most efficient in retaining sharp oxidation at low potential value and high current density. The electrochemical property of nickel butanethiolate toward glucose oxidation is examined on different electrode surfaces such as Au thin film, Au mesh, and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). Interestingly, glucose oxidation takes place most efficiently on a Au mesh network compared to Au film and FTO substrates. The Ni(SC 4 H 9 ) 2 /Au mesh exhibited two linear ranges of detection from 0.5−2 and 2−11 mM with a sensitivity value of 675.97 μA mM −1 cm −2 and a limit of detection of 2.2 μM along with excellent selectivity and reproducibility. The present study demonstrates that nickel butanethiolate on a Au mesh acts as a promising functional and transparent electrode material with the possibility of large-scale production for practical glucose detection.

Core-shell gold-nickel nanostructures as highly selective and stable nonenzymatic glucose sensor for fermentation process

“…Therefore, the addition of a second metal, i.e. to generate bimetallic nanoparticles or nanocomposites [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] , is often used to improve the sensor performance. In principle, the second metal can effectively manipulate the electronic and geometric properties of the nanoparticles, leading to their higher selectivity and reactivity.…”

Layer‐by‐Layer Coating of Cobalt‐Based Ink for Large‐Scale Fabrication of OER Electrocatalyst

“…Co‐C16SH‐based ink is synthesized following a modified method reported for Ni alkylthiolate in the literature . Briefly, cobalt triethylamine complex is mixed with hexadecylthiol in 2:1 molar ratio to form Co‐C16SH complex.…”

“…Co-C16SH-based ink is synthesized following a modified method reported for Ni alkylthiolate in the literature. [40][41][42][43] Briefly, cobalt triethylamine complex is mixed with hexadecylthiol in 2:1 molar ratio to form Co-C16SH complex. The compound was obtained as precipitate and further dissolved in toluene to make a clear solution and characterized by UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy ( Figure S1, Supporting Information).…”

“…Co hexadecylthiolate (Co‐C16SH) complex was synthesized by a general two‐step method reported earlier for nickel alkylthiolates in literature . Triethylamine complex of Co was synthesized by adding 1 molar cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate (CAS Number 10026‐22‐9) in ethanolic solution to 2 molar triethyl amine (CAS Number 121‐44‐8) under constant stirring at 70 °C.…”

“…Synthesis of the Cobalt Hexadecylthiolate Precursor: Co hexadecylthiolate (Co-C16SH) complex was synthesized by a general two-step method reported earlier for nickel alkylthiolates in literature. [40][41][42][43] Triethylamine complex of Co was synthesized by adding 1 molar cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate (CAS Number 10026-22-9) in ethanolic solution to 2 molar triethyl amine (CAS Number 121-44-8) under constant stirring at 70 C. In the second step, it was mixed with 2 molar hexadecylthiol in 2:1 molar ratio to form Co-C16SH complex. The compound was obtained as filtrate and washed repeatedly with acetonitrile to remove any excess of unreacted thiol.…”