Methane Gas Reduction Using Virgin Coconut Oil Supplementation in Rumen Fermentation through in Vitro

Sondakh, E.H.B.; Rorong, Johnly A.; Kalele, Jerry A.D.

doi:10.20884/1.anprod.2015.17.3.511

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Hydrogenation of double bonds in unsaturated fatty acids produced hydrogens that were used for saturated fatty acid formation. However, hydrogens were not only used for saturated fatty acid formation, but also for producing methane gas by methanogenic bacteria and for propionate production by propionic bacteria (Sondakh et al, 2015). This may cause a competition for hydrogen utilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their symbiosis, the protozoa released the hydrogen which were then transferred to the methanogenic bacteria to produce methane. To reduce methane production needs to inhibit growth of protozoa (Machmuller, 2006;Bhatta et al, 2013;Sondakh et al, 2015). However, several researchers indicated that reduction of methane production through protozoal defaunation caused some problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydrogen was also used by the propionic bacteria producing propionate (Sondakh et al, 2015). These resulted a competition between methanogenic bacteria and propionic bacteria in using the hydrogen; and this was known as hydrogen -sink mechanism (HSM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in in Vitro Methane Production and Fatty Acid Profiles in Response to Cakalang Fish Oil Supplementation

Sondakh

Waani

Kalele

2017

Med Pet

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This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cakalang fish oil addition in ruminant feed on in vitro methane production and fatty acid profiles. This experiment consisted of four treatments which were R0 : feed composing of forage and concentrate at a ratio of 60% : 40% without cakalang fish oil (CFO) addition as control feed; R1: R0 added with CFO at 2.5%; R2: R0 added with CFO at 5%, and R3: R0 added with CFO at 7.5%. Fermentation with rumen fluid was done using the Hohenheim Gas Test (HGT); feeds were incubated at 39 o C for 72 hours. At the end of fermentation, samples were obtained and methane production and fatty acid profiles were determined. The experiment was conducted in completely randomised design with four replications. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and differences among treatment means were analysed using Duncan multiple range test. Results showed that CFO supplementation affected (P<0.05) methane production, protozoa numbers and NH 3 concentration; whereas the other parameters, i.e. VFA concentration, pH, and microbial protein were not affected. Some fatty acid profiles were influenced by treatments, such as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic (P<0.05), while others, i.e. lauric and miristic were not affected. It is concluded that the best level of CFO supplementation is 5% as this level reduces methane production and increases unsaturated fatty acids without any negative effects on other variables measured.Keywords: cakalang fish oil, fatty acids, in vitro fermentation, methane, gas test ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menguji pengaruh suplementasi minyak ikan cakalang ke dalam ransum ternak ruminansia terhadap produksi gas metan dan profil asam lemak in vitro. Perlakuan terdiri atas empat perlakuan ransum, yaitu R0: ransum yang terdiri atas hijauan dan konsentrat dengan rasio 60% : 40% tanpa penambahan minyak ikan cakalang (MIC) sebagai ransum kontrol; R1: R0 yang disuplementasi dengan 2,5% MIC; R2: R0 yang disuplementasi dengan 5% MIC; R3: R0 yang disuplementasi dengan 7,5% MIC. Fermentasi in vitro dilakukan dengan menggunakan tes gas Hohenheim (TGH); ransum perlakuan difermentasi pada suhu 39 o C selama 72 jam. Pada waktu akhir fermentasi, dilakukan pengambilan sampel untuk pengukuran produksi gas metan dan profil asam lemak. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat replikasi. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam, dan perbedaan di antara perlakuan diuji dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mempengaruhi produksi gas metan, jumlah protozoa, dan konsentrasi NH₃ (P<0,05); sedangkan peubah lainnya, seperti konsentrasi VFA, pH, and sintesis protein mikrobia tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata. Beberapa profil asam lemak yang dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan adalah palmitat, stearat, oleat, linoleat, dan linolenat, serta konsentrasi SAFA dan UFA (P<0,05). Beberapa asam lemak lainnya, seperti asam laurat dan miristat, menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata. Dapat disimpulkan b...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Changes in in Vitro Methane Production and Fatty Acid Profiles in Response to Cakalang Fish Oil Supplementation

Sondakh

Waani

Kalele

2017

Med Pet

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“…The decrease of methane can also occur when cattle are given feed containing medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) and there has been a study conducted by Machmuller (2006) using canola oil. Sondakh et al (2015) conducted a research on reducing of methane using virgin coconut oil as a medium chain fatty acids source, in which the results of such research could decrease methane and increase propionic acid in rumen fluid fermentation in vitro. Medium chain fatty acids are fatty acids that function as defaunation agents (Sondakh et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medium chain fatty acids are fatty acids that function as defaunation agents (Sondakh et al, 2012). Research of Machmuller (2006) and Sondakh et al (2015) using canola oil and VCO was very expensive and it will be difficult for further applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of coconut pulp as a feed substrate to methanogenesis inhibitor in in vitro rumen fluid fermentation

Sondakh

Kalele

Ratulangi

2017

J. Indonesian Trop. Anim. Agric.

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ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ampas kelapa pada pakan ruminansia terhadap reduksi metan secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan cairan rumen dengan substrat hijauan dan konsentrat dengan perbandingan 60:40. Percobaan ini terdiri dari lima macam perlakuan ampas kelapa yakni: R1: tanpa penambahan ampas kelapa; R2: substrat pakan dengan penambahan ampas kelapa 5%; R3: substrat pakan dengan penambahan ampas kelapa 10%; R4: Substrat pakan dengan penambahan ampas kelapa 15% dan R5 substrat pakan dengan penambahan ampas kelapa 20%. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan empat kali ulangan. Fermentasi dilakukan menggunakan Hohenheim Gas Test (HGT) pada suhu 39 o C selama 72 jam. Pada akhir fermentasi dilakukan pengukuran gas metan, parameter fermentasi, aktivitas mikrobia, kecernaan nutrient dan profil asam lemak cairan rumen. Data dianalisa menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan test (DMRT) untuk perbedaan rataan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa produksi metan mengalami penurunan sekitar 13,74%-17,39 % ketika pakan diberi ampas kelapa sebanyak 15-20%. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian ampas kelapa 15-20% dalam pakan ruminansia dapat mereduksi gas metan serta tidak mengganggu aktivitas mikrobia pada fermentasi cairan rumen secara in vitro. Supplementasi ampas kelapa tersebut dapat dijadikan acuan dalam mendesain pakan penghambat metanogenik.Kata kunci : metan, ampas kelapa, fermentasi rumen, gas tes, parameter fermentasi ABSTRACTThis experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the adding of coconut pulp in ruminant feed on methane reduction in vitro. Rumen fluid and substrate of forage and concentrate in ratio 60:40 were in this study. This experiment consisted of five treatments of coconut pulp as followed: R1: feed substrates without the coconut pulp; R2: substrate feed with coconut pulp 5%; R3: substrate feed with coconut pulp 10%; R4: Substrate feed with coconut pulp 15% and R5: substrate feed with coconut pulp 20%. Each treatment was conducted to four replications. Fermentation was done using the Hohenheim Gas Test (HGT) incubated at 39 o C for 72 hours. At the end of fermentation was determined production of methane, parameters of fermentation, microbial activity, feed digestibility and fatty acids profile of the ruminal fluid. Data obtained were analyzed by using analysis of variance using completely randomized design. The differences of mean values were analyzed by Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). The results showed that methane production has decreased about 13.74%-17.39% when the feed was given coconut dregs 15-20%. Based on the results of the study was concluded that the supplementation of coconut pulp up to 15-20% of 100% dry matter can be used as a substrate of ruminant feed, because it can reduce methane and does not interfere the microbial activity in the fermentation of rumen fluid through in vitro. The supplementation of coconut pulp can be a referencein 202 J.Indonesian Trop.Anim.Agric. 42(3):202-209, September 2017 ...

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Quality of Wafer Complete Feed for Ruminant with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Supplementation by Non-Heating Method

Widianingrum¹,

Khasanah²,

Krismaputri³

et al. 2022

AAVS

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This study aims to determine the quality of wafer with supplementation of protected Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) made by the non-heating method. The ration of the wafer consisted of 30% rice straw, 30% concentrate, 30% indigofera, 5% molasses, and 5% VCO. The group of treatments were wafer supplemented with VCO (P0); wafer supplemented with VCO saponification (P1); wafer supplemented with VCO protected by formaldehyde (P2); wafer without VCO (P3); and wafer supplemented with VCO mixed on indigofera (P4). Each treatments were using six replications and tested for their physical quality, rancidity, and rumen fermentation characteristics and in vitro digestibility. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and further tested with an Honestly Significant Difference (Hsd). The highest significant difference in physical quality of wafer (P<0.05) were found among treatments. The P4 group had the highest density (0.230 ± 0.16 g/cm 3 ), while the P1 group had the highest absorption (77.60%). The P0 group had the highest thickness swelling (12.95 ± 0.04 %), while both of P1 and P3 had the highest texture hardness (52.20 ± 0.14 and 52.19 ± 0.14 mm/10 2 ) respectively. The P3 group had the lowest rancidity (2.04 ± 0.01 mmol/kg). The advantage of VCO protection with tanin (mix on indigofera) has the lower rancidity value (2.14 ± 0.09 mmol/kg) compared to wafers with VCO supplementation. In the addition of VCO without treatment (P0) increase the total digestibility of dry matter (78.89 ± 0.06%) and organic matter (78.49 ± 0.16%). Our results showed that VCO treatments have not negative effect on the rumen environment (pH and NH 3 level), both protective and non-protective VCO, in the in vitro study. The findings that we can summarize are in the physical test treatments all of the groups has good quality and have not negative effect on the ruminal environment.

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Methane Gas Reduction Using Virgin Coconut Oil Supplementation in Rumen Fermentation through in Vitro

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Changes in in Vitro Methane Production and Fatty Acid Profiles in Response to Cakalang Fish Oil Supplementation

Changes in in Vitro Methane Production and Fatty Acid Profiles in Response to Cakalang Fish Oil Supplementation

The use of coconut pulp as a feed substrate to methanogenesis inhibitor in in vitro rumen fluid fermentation

Quality of Wafer Complete Feed for Ruminant with Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Supplementation by Non-Heating Method

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