Methanol Extract of Euchelus asper Prevents Bone Resorption in Ovariectomised Mice Model

Cao

Molecular Medicine Reports

et al. 2017

Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of a number of malignancies. However, its use is limited by serious cardiotoxic effects, for which there are currently no reliable pharmacologic therapies. Estrogen has exhibited protective effects against cardiac stressors in male and female animal models; however, its effects on DOX‑induced cardiotoxicity remain unknown. High mortality and morbidity rates have been observed in patients with cancer worldwide, and DOX is often administered to a greater number of men than women. Therefore, the present study employed male Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate the protective effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. A total of 4 mg/kg DOX was administered to 14‑week‑old male Sprague‑Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection twice a week for 2 weeks. At 3 weeks following the first injection of DOX, an echocardiographic study revealed that DOX administration significantly decreased cardiac ejection fraction and fractional shortening by 20 and 29%, respectively, when compared with the vehicle‑treated control rats (P<0.05). This was associated with decreased heart weight, myofibrillar disorganization and myofiber loss. The serum biomarkers for heart injury, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, were increased in DOX vs. vehicle‑treated rats (P<0.05). E2 treatment by a daily subcutaneous injection of 2 mg/kg body weight attenuated the cardiotoxic effects of DOX. In addition, E2 treatment inhibited the DOX‑induced increase in the expression of cardiac genes, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) 2, NOX4, B‑cell lymphoma 2‑associated X protein and caspase 3. These results demonstrate that E2 treatment may protect the heart against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in male rats potentially through the regulation of NOX2, NOX4 and apoptosis genes.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

17β-estradiol protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in male Sprague-Dawley rats by regulating NADPH oxidase and apoptosis genes

Cao

Molecular Medicine Reports

et al. 2017

“…OVX caused vaginal atrophy and this vaginal atrophy resulted from the depletion of the estrogen supplied by the ovary. Vaginal atrophy also was reflected in decreased vaginal weights (Balakrishnan et al 2014). Tibolone extensively used by Effect of placenta on menopausal symptoms postmenopausal women for the treatment of climacteric symptoms and prevention of osteoporosis has a suppressive effect on body weight (Dedeoglu et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of porcine placenta in a menopausal ovariectomized mouse

et al. 2015

Menopause is a significant physiological phase that occurs as women's ovaries stop producing ovum and the production of estrogen declines. Human placenta and some amino acids are known to improve menopausal symptoms. In this study, we investigated that porcine placenta extract (PPE) and arginine (Arg), a main amino acid of PPE, would have estrogenic activities in ovariectomized (OVX) mice as a menopause mouse model, human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) cells, and human osteoblast cell line (MG-63) cells. PPE or Arg significantly inhibited the body weight and increased the vagina weight compared to the OVX mice. PPE or Arg ameliorated the vaginal atrophy in the OVX mice. The levels of 17b-estradiol and the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly increased by PPE or Arg in the serum of OVX mice. Trabecular bone parameters such as bone mineral density and porosity were also improved by PPE or Arg in the OVX mice. In the MCF-7 and MG-63 cells, PPE or Arg significantly increased the cell proliferation, estrogen receptor b mRNA expression, and estrogen-response elements luciferase activity. Finally, PPE or Arg increased the activations of ALP and extracellular signalregulated kinase 1/2 in the MG-63 cells. These results indicate that PPE or Arg would have estrogenic and osteoblastic activity. Therefore, PPE or Arg may be useful as new pharmacological tools for treating menopausal symptoms including osteoporosis. Free Korean abstract: A Korean translation of this abstract is freely available at

“…It is characterized by a thick and conoidal dull shell with brown, rosy, and black dots. Ether-soluble fractions of this organism were able to induce immunostimulated phagocytosis in vitro and immunosuppressive activity in vivo [142,143], whereas methanol extracts have been shown to exert an anti-osteoporotic effect in vivo, as indicated by the prominent anti-osteoclastogenic activity and reduction in bone loss induced by the lack of estrogen in a ovariectomised mice model [144]. Agrawal et al [145] demonstrated that methanol preparations from E. asper displayed strong anti-angiogenic potential in CAM assays due to their inhibitory role on mesodermal blood vessel migration and compartmentalization resulted, at least in part, from a decreased ECM remodelling by MMPs.…”

Section: Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Locomotion of Human Cells, Wound Healing and Their Control by Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Marine Invertebrates

et al. 2020

The collective migration of cells is a complex integrated process that represents a common theme joining morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and tumor biology. It is known that a remarkable amount of secondary metabolites produced by aquatic invertebrates displays active pharmacological properties against a variety of diseases. The aim of this review is to pick up selected studies that report the extraction and identification of crude extracts or isolated compounds that exert a modulatory effect on collective cell locomotion and/or skin tissue reconstitution and recapitulate the molecular, biochemical, and/or physiological aspects, where available, which are associated to the substances under examination, grouping the producing species according to their taxonomic hierarchy. Taken all of the collected data into account, marine invertebrates emerge as a still poorly-exploited valuable resource of natural products that may significantly improve the process of skin regeneration and restrain tumor cell migration, as documented by in vitro and in vivo studies. Therefore, the identification of the most promising invertebrate-derived extracts/molecules for the utilization as new targets for biomedical translation merits further and more detailed investigations.