Methylated and thiolated arsenic species for environmental and health research — A review on synthesis and characterization

Cullen, William R.; Liu, Qingqing; Lu, Xiufen; McKnight‐Whitford, Anthony; Peng, Hanyong; Popowich, Aleksandra; Yan, Xiaowen; Zhang, Qi; Fricke, Michael; Sun, Hongsui; Le, X. Chris

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2016.11.004

Cited by 62 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Suprapur nitric acid was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). MMA III and DMA III in the form diiodomethylarsine (CH 3 AsI 2 ) and iododimethylarsine ([CH 3 ] 2 AsI), respectively, were synthesized as previously described (Cullen et al, 2016) and were at least 99% pure as confirmed by NMR analysis. The rat monoclonal antibody (mAb) MRPr1 was from Novus Biologicals (Littleton, CO), while rabbit anti-Na + /K + ATPase (H-300) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Cellular Protection and Transport of Methylated Arsenic Metabolites Differs between Human Cell Lines

et al. 2018

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Cellular Protection and Transport of Methylated Arsenic Metabolites Differs between Human Cell Lines

et al. 2018

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“…Under the assumption that the pharmacokinetic differences likely explain the vast disparity in dose needed to cause cancer in mice and humans, the ways that proteins and tissues absorb, move, store, and eliminate arsenic is an active field of research. 8,[16][17][18][19][20] This promising endeavor gives us the ability to combine the knowledge gleaned from rodent models with explanations and interpretive aids drawn from what we learn about how rodent proteins and systems behave differently than their human analogues at a molecular level. Some have argued, however, after pharmacokinetic modeling of arsenic in mice, that the differences in pharmacokinetics are not sufficient to explain differences in carcinogenicity.…”

Section: Arsenic and Rodent Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere Length and Arsenic: Improving Animal Models of Toxicity by Choosing Mice With Shorter Telomeres

Whitlock

2021

Int J Toxicol

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Arsenic is both a chemotherapeutic drug and an environmental toxicant that affects hundreds of millions of people each year. Arsenic exposure in drinking water has been called the worst poisoning in human history. How arsenic is handled in the body is frequently studied using rodent models to investigate how arsenic both causes and treats disease. These models, used in a variety of arsenic-related testing, from tumor formation to drug toxicity monitoring, have virtually always been developed from animals with telomeres that are unnaturally long, likely because of accidental artificial selective pressures. Mice that have been bred in captivity in laboratory conditions, often for over 100 years, are the standard in creating animal models for this research. Using these mice introduces challenges to any work that can be affected by the length of telomeres and the related capacities for tissue repair and cancer resistance. However, arsenic research is particularly susceptible to the misuse of such animal models due to the multiple and various interactions between arsenic and telomeres. Researchers in the field commonly find mouse models and humans behaving very differently upon exposure to acute and chronic arsenic, including drug therapies which seem safe in mice but are toxic in humans. Here, some complexities and apparent contradictions of the arsenic carcinogenicity and toxicity research are reconciled by an explanatory model that involves telomere length explained by the evolutionary pressures in laboratory mice. A low-risk hypothesis is proposed which has the power to determine whether researchers can easily develop more powerful and accurate mouse models by simply avoiding mouse lineages that are very old and have strangely long telomeres. Swapping in newer mouse lineages for the older, long-telomere mice may vastly improve our ability to research arsenic toxicity with virtually no increase in cost or difficulty of research.

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“…A variety of synthetic protocols are being developed for novel organoarsenicals. 4,5 The structures of the new aromatic arsenical metabolites discovered in chicken liver were conrmed by chemical synthesis. 6 Recently a new arsenic-containing compound, arsinothricin [2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylarsinoyl)butanoic acid, AST (1); Scheme 1], was shown to be synthesized by the rice rhizosphere bacterium Burkholderia gladioli GSRB05.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical synthesis of the organoarsenical antibiotic arsinothricin

et al. 2021

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Methylated and thiolated arsenic species for environmental and health research — A review on synthesis and characterization

Cited by 62 publications

References 133 publications

Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Cellular Protection and Transport of Methylated Arsenic Metabolites Differs between Human Cell Lines

Multidrug Resistance Protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1)-Mediated Cellular Protection and Transport of Methylated Arsenic Metabolites Differs between Human Cell Lines

Telomere Length and Arsenic: Improving Animal Models of Toxicity by Choosing Mice With Shorter Telomeres

Chemical synthesis of the organoarsenical antibiotic arsinothricin

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