Micellization properties of cardanol as a renewable co-surfactant

Abstract

With the aim to improve the features of surfactant solutions in terms of sustainability and renewability we propose the use of hydrogenated natural and sustainable plant-derived cardanol as an additive to commercial surfactants. In the present study we demonstrated that its addition, in amounts as high as 10%, to commercial surfactants of different charge does not significantly affect surfactant properties. Conversely, the presence of hydrogenated cardanol can strongly affect spectrophotometric determination of CMC if preferential interactions with the dyes used take place. This latter evidence may be profitably exploited in surfactant manufacturing by considering that the concurrent presence of a rigid organic molecule such as Orange OT and 10% hydrogenated cardanol decreases the CMC of CTAB up to 65 times.

Environmentally Friendly Method of Assembly of Cardanol and Cholesterol into Nanostructures Using a Continuous Flow Microfluidic Device

“…Here, for the first time, by the usage of MHF devices, we produced nanosized liposomal or micellar systems based on CA, or in combination with CH, substantially confirming the amphiphilic character of this compound, , particularly in basic media wherein it assumes an ionic character. By increasing the amount of CH in the lipid mixture, a system transition from spherical CA micelles to CA/CH mixed closed vesicles was demonstrated.…”

“…45−47 Pure CA mixed with a minor amount of CH allowed forming stable nanovectors able to vehicle different kinds of molecules that can provide stabilizing, 30 antiproliferative, and antioxidant 48 effects and even function as a fluorescent tool for bioimaging. 49 Here, for the first time, by the usage of MHF devices, we produced nanosized liposomal or micellar systems based on CA, or in combination with CH, substantially confirming the amphiphilic character of this compound, 41,50 particularly in basic media wherein it assumes an ionic character. By increasing the amount of CH in the lipid mixture, a system transition from spherical CA micelles to CA/CH mixed closed vesicles was demonstrated.…”

Insights into the ruthenium-catalysed selective reduction of cardanol derivatives via transfer hydrogenation: a density functional theory study

“…5 The current mechanistic study looks at the cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), a member of the oleochemical family. CNSL, as a sustainable feedstock, 6,7 has many applications, e.g., additive to commercial surfactants, brake linings, cement, laminating resins, paints, surface coatings, varnishes, [8][9][10][11][12] and in the field of nanotechnology, [13][14][15][16][17] in the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs, 18 and organic solar cells, 19 making it of broad interest within the context of a sustainable chemical economy. CNSL is a mixture of three phenolic compounds: anacardic acid, cardanol, and cardol, [20][21][22] where phenol in is each of these compounds is substituted by a 15-carbon chain, with one, two, or three double bonds separated by a methylene group.…”

“…CNSL, as a sustainable feedstock, 6,7 has many applications, e.g. , additive to commercial surfactants, brake linings, cement, laminating resins, paints, surface coatings, varnishes, 8–12 and in the field of nanotechnology, 13–17 in the synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs, 18 and organic solar cells, 19 making it of broad interest within the context of a sustainable chemical economy.…”