Micro-properties of (Nb,M)C carbide (M= V, Mo, W and Cr) and precipitation behavior of (Nb,V)C in carbide reinforced coating

Zhao, Changchun; Xing, Xiaolei; Guo, Jingjie; Shi, Zhijun; Zhou, Yulin; Ren, Xuejun; Yang, Qingxiang

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.284

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Nb and V atoms can quickly form clusters or fine (Nb, V)C nano‐carbides with a lattice constant larger than 0.42 nm. [ 36–38 ] With the participation of Mo, the MC intra‐lath nano‐carbides in the HWD700 steel have a lattice constant of approximately 0.416 nm. This value is larger than that in the H13 steel (0.357 nm) and almost equal to

\sqrt{2}

times the lattice constant of α‐Fe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Stabilities of Newly Developed Hot‐Working Die Steel and H13 Steel at Elevated Temperature

Zhang

Cao

Chen

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Hot-working die steels have an important role in the development of the industry and society, and they are widely used in industrial manufacturing due to their good mechanical properties, wear resistance and thermal resistance. [1][2][3][4] With the rapid increase in industrial and manufacturing requirements, dies need to operate under severe conditions of high temperature and pressures. The peak temperature at the surface of dies can reach even 700 °C, and exceed the tempering temperature. This inevitably leads to an evolution of the microstructure and degradation of mechanical properties, such as the hardness, strength, and thermal fatigue properties, strongly related to the service life of dies. [4,5] Therefore, the microstructure stability of hot-working die steels is of significance.The martensite lath structure is in a metastable state with a low thermal stability. The strength and hardness of the steel rapidly decrease with the recovery and disappearance of the lath structures in a martensitic steel. [6][7][8] Alloying with high levels of alloying elements is usually regarded as an effective approach to improve the thermal stability of a metallic material, but it is not a universally applicable method and is not conducive to some important properties of steels. For example, Cr is an important alloying element in a heat-resistant steel, and 9-12% Cr is usually added in the heat-resistant steel to form M 23 C 6 carbides always distributed along lath boundaries and grain boundaries to hinder their migration and recrystallization during creep. [9,10] However, the M 23 C 6 carbide is not conducive to the thermal fatigue performance and thermal stability of hot-working die steels owing to its fast coarsening. [5,11] The growth rate of M 7 C 3 in low-Cr alloys is slower than that of M 23 C 6 , which can be used as a type of precipitation pinning the microstructure interface. [12,13] Owing to the excellent thermal stability, the MC carbide can effectively hinder the recovery and recrystallization of the microstructures at temperatures lower than 600 °C. [14] Moreover, at a temperature below 0.5 T m , the deformation mechanism of steel materials is still the slip of dislocations. The stable and fine MC carbide can provide an excellent strengthening effect for the matrix under high-temperature conditions. [15,16] Therefore, the typical microstructures of hot-working die steels contain carbide forming elements such as Cr, Mo, and V to form the fine dispersed MC or M 2 C nano-carbides. [17] However, the microstructures of the present commercial hot-working die steels still becomes unstable when the temperature is increased to 600-650 °C. [6,11] In a previous study, a Cr-Mo-W-V HWD700 steel was developed, which exhibits a high strength as well as excellent fatigue performance at temperatures up to 700 °C strengthened by MC (M = V, Mo, W) nano-carbides. [18][19][20] However, the microstructure stability of the HWD700 steel at an elevated temperature has not been extensively investigated. In this study, the

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\sqrt{2}

times the lattice constant of α‐Fe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Stabilities of Newly Developed Hot‐Working Die Steel and H13 Steel at Elevated Temperature

Zhang

Cao

Chen

et al. 2023

steel research int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, formation of these carbides reduces the carbon concentration in the matrix of the hardfacing alloy, which is favorable for improving the toughness. Some meaningful and interesting results have been reported in this area [14][15][16][17][18][19]. For example, Zhang et al [20] investigated the effect of Nb content on the microstructure of Fe-Cr-C coatings, and discovered that Nb can not only promote the formation of equiaxed grains, but also Coatings 2020, 10, 585 2 of 11 make the microstructure become finer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of Nb Content on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Fe-12Cr-xNb-4C Coatings Prepared by Plasma-Transferred Arc Welding

et al. 2020

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The Fe-Cr-C coatings with different levels of Nb addition were prepared on carbon steel by a plasma transferred arc (PTA) weld-surfacing process and their microstructure and properties were investigated. As the Nb content increases from 8.96% to 12.55%, the coating gradually changes from a hypereutectic structure (martensite, austenite matrix, primary NbC and eutectic γ+M7C3) to a near eutectic structure (γ+M7C3 and NbC) and finally a hypoeutectic structure (primary γ, γ+M7C3 and NbC). As the Nb content increases, the hardness and wear resistance of the coating first increase and then decrease, which is closely related to the NbC volume fraction first increasing and then the NbC size coarsening. The Fe-Cr-C coating with 11.65% Nb balances the NbC content and size, and has the highest hardness and best wear resistance. As the Nb content increases further, the formation and aggregation of coarse NbC carbides in the coating results in high brittleness of the coating, which may cause the carbide particles to peel off the coating during the wear process, thereby reducing wear resistance.

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“…Niobium carbide (NbC) is commonly used as a reinforcing material, due to its high modulus of elasticity, strong antioxidant capacity, excellent wear resistance, and resistance to deformation at high temperatures. This compound exhibits a hardness greater than 20 GPa and a melting point higher than 3000 °C and has a price advantage compared to other carbides [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of incorporating FeNbC into weld flux on the abrasive wear resistance of coatings produced by SAW in a microalloyed steel

Pollnow,

Cardoso,

das Neves

et al. 2024

Surf. Topogr.: Metrol. Prop.

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Owing to the global shortage of raw materials and an increase in their prices, there is a growing demand for engineering solutions to increase the lifespan and durability of equipment and components. Therefore, this study aims to combine surface engineering and welding engineering to produce a niobium-rich coating using submerged arc welding (SAW) deposition. SAW is a cost-effective technique that allows high deposition rates and technical simplicity, which can enhance mechanical properties and resistance to abrasive wear of components. This research involves the addition of a FeNbC powder alloy in percentages of 5, 10, and 15 wt.% to a neutral commercial SAW flux, as an alternative to adding Nb to the microstructure of the deposited coating. The coating was characterized by optical microscopy to analyze the microstructure, such as the presence of phases; microhardness through a Vickers micro-durometer, and resistance to abrasive wear through the loss of mass using a rubber wheel-type abrasometer. The wear mechanisms were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that a Nb-rich coating can be deposited via SAW, and the coatings successfully increased microhardness by up to 110% and resistance to abrasive wear to values higher than the base metal used (microalloyed steel). The microstructure formed was rich in Fe2Nb and NbC, proving the formation of Nb-rich phases. Additionally, the mechanism of abrasive wear was predominantly plastic for the base metal and changed to micro-cutting and micro-plowing after the addition of up to 15% of FeNbC.

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Micro-properties of (Nb,M)C carbide (M= V, Mo, W and Cr) and precipitation behavior of (Nb,V)C in carbide reinforced coating

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

Microstructure Stabilities of Newly Developed Hot‐Working Die Steel and H13 Steel at Elevated Temperature

Microstructure Stabilities of Newly Developed Hot‐Working Die Steel and H13 Steel at Elevated Temperature

Effect of Nb Content on the Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Fe-12Cr-xNb-4C Coatings Prepared by Plasma-Transferred Arc Welding

Impact of incorporating FeNbC into weld flux on the abrasive wear resistance of coatings produced by SAW in a microalloyed steel

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