Microbial Biomass in Batch and Continuous System

Amaya, Onofre Monge; Barragán, María Teresa Certucha; Almendáriz-Tapia, F.J.

doi:10.5772/55303

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The difference in weight before and after gave the amount of volatile matter in the sample. The fixed-carbon content of the sample was then calculated according to the following formulae [47] using the same procedures as those employed for WH biomass.…”

Section: Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of water hyacinth (E. crassipes) from Lake Victoria and ruminal slaughterhouse waste as co-substrates in biogas production

2019

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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), an invasive water weed with a large biomass, poses serious socioeconomic and environmental challenges in fresh water bodies. Efforts to control and remove water hyacinth (WH) can be complemented by biogas production, which, however, requires knowledge of its chemical and nutritional composition. Moreover, codigestion with other substrates may compensate for possible limitations of its largely lignocellulosic biomass. This study carried out proximate, crude fiber, elemental and biochemical analysis of WH and a co-substrate, ruminal slaughterhouse waste (RSW). The WH had significant concentrations of cellulose, hemicellulose and carbohydrates of 331,200, 231,800 and 447,800 mg/L, respectively, and lesser concentration of lignin of 99,400 g/L that is desirable in biomass for biogas production. Concentrations of C, N, P and K in WH were 15,480, 1654, 51 and 137 mg/L compared to 26,220, 1390, 34 and 7475, respectively, for RSW, which indicated potential for biogas generation. The potassium concentration for WH of 137 mg/L was below the optimum range of 200-400 mg/L while that for RSW of 7476 mg/L was in the inhibitory range. Both biomass exhibited phosphorous deficiency at C/P of 310 and 656 for WH and RSW, respectively, against optimum ratio of 100 and 150 for hydrolysis and acidogenesis stages and methanogenesis stage, respectively. The C/N for WH of 9.4 was at the lower limit for optimal biogas production of 8 mg/L that demarcates potential ammonia toxicity while that for RSW of 18.8 was near the upper limit of 20 mg/L for nitrogen deficiency. Co-digesting the two substrates has the potential for balancing potassium concentrations and the C/N ratios. Trial co-digestion of WH with RSW improved WH gas production demonstrating complementary effect of the two substrates. However, commercialization of the codigestion would need to establish the optimal mix proportions and methanogenic microbial communities involved in the digestion process.

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Section: Elemental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of water hyacinth (E. crassipes) from Lake Victoria and ruminal slaughterhouse waste as co-substrates in biogas production

2019

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“…The reactor is then sealed for the duration of the process of anaerobic digestion. After the anaerobic digestion is completed, the biomass is retained in the reactor and then used for composting in the container before opening (Amaya et al, 2013). However, in the continuous digestion process, organic matter is continuously added (continuous complete mixing) or added to the reactor in stages (continuous plug flow; first-infirst-out).…”

Section: Theory/calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Studies for a Biogas Powered Standalone Power Plant: A Case Study of Giwa Community, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Neminebor,

Umar,

Oyedeji

2022

Nigerian Journal of Tropical Engineering

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In this research work, a feasibility survey was conducted to determine the possibility of establishing a standalone power plant powered by biogas obtained from anaerobic digestion of three (3) agricultural residues for the Giwa community. These agricultural residues are chicken dropping, kitchen residues and cow dung with kitchen agricultural residue having the highest yield rate of 0.33 m 3/kg. However, due to the limitation in the gathering of kitchen agricultural residue, its percentage was limited to 20% while the remaining 80% was shared among the two (2) other agricultural residues, with cow dung having a yield rate of 0.05 m 3/kg and chicken droppings with 0.2 m 3/kg. In order to determine the capacity of the plant, the power consumption of the community was estimated using stratified sampling method while the same method was used to determine the number of cows and chicken in the study area. Expected power consumption of 10,320 KW was estimated using stratified sampling method while biogas that was obtainable from the study area was estimated as 78,210.926 m3as against the required volume of 64,512 m3. Finally, from the result of financial modulation done during the feasibility studies, a grand total of N 959,742,167.77 is required as the setup cost, while the plant will require N 110,871.67 as running cost daily with a daily income of N 1,238,400 at an energy sales price of N 5.01 Thus, the company is expected to make a daily profit of N 789,269.83 after tax which will allow the investment made on the plant be recoverable within a debt period (debt term) of about 3 years and 5 months at a full degree of freedom.

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“…Anaerobic digestion is a microbiological process, in absence of oxygen, where organic matter is progressively degraded by an heterogeneous bacterial population to methane (55-70%) and carbon dioxide (30-45%) [80]. Anaerobic digestion presents some fundamental advantages such as the possibility of working at high rates of organic load, and the produced methane can be used as an energy source due to its heating value (35,793 kJ/m 3 , at 1 atm, 0°C), which equals to 1 kg of raw coal or 0.76 kg of standard coal [3,11].…”

Section: Biogas Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization Options of Strawberry Extrudate Agro-Waste. A Review

Cubero-Cardoso¹,

Serrano²,

Trujillo-Reyes³

et al. 2021

Innovation in the Food Sector Through the Valorization of Food and Agro-Food by-Products

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This review summarizes and critically analyzes the different types of potential valorization options for strawberry extrudate in order to have a broader overview of the potential management of this waste. Animal feed is commonly used as a management option for the strawberry extrudate; however, most of the strawberry extrudate is disposed in landfills. Strawberry extrudate contains different bioactive compounds that encourage the use of an alternative management approach than landfilled. The present review offers a complete comparative, including the advantages and drawbacks of each reviewed technique, to facilitate the selection of the most suitable technology for the different valorization scenarios. This review has been structured in three sections: 1. Composition of the strawberry extrudate and strawberry especially focused on their content in bioactive compounds. 2. The different techniques of extraction and purification of bioactive compounds. 3. The handling and management of the resulting biomass after the extraction process of bioactive compounds.

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Microbial Biomass in Batch and Continuous System

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Characterization of water hyacinth (E. crassipes) from Lake Victoria and ruminal slaughterhouse waste as co-substrates in biogas production

Characterization of water hyacinth (E. crassipes) from Lake Victoria and ruminal slaughterhouse waste as co-substrates in biogas production

Feasibility Studies for a Biogas Powered Standalone Power Plant: A Case Study of Giwa Community, Kaduna State, Nigeria

Valorization Options of Strawberry Extrudate Agro-Waste. A Review

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