Microbial Keratitis Pathogens and Antibiotic Susceptibilities: A 5-Year Review of Cases at an Urban County Hospital in North Texas

Pachigolla, Gowri; Blomquist, Preston H.; Cavanagh, Harrison D

doi:10.1097/01.icl.0000234002.88643.d0

Cited by 109 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis is an acute sight-threatening infection that can occur as a complication of soft contact lens wear or corneal injury (Cheng et al, 1999;Alexandrakis et al, 2000;Lam et al, 2002;Watt and Swarbrick 2005;Verhelst et al, 2006;Bharathi et al, 2007;Pachigolla et al, 2007). Corneal isolates of P. aeruginosa can be divided into invasive or cytotoxic strain types based upon how they interact with epithelial cells (Fleiszig et al, 1996;Fleiszig et al, 1997;Cowell et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation of the phospholipase catalytic domain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin ExoU abolishes colonization promoting activity and reduces corneal disease severity

Tam

Lewis

et al. 2007

Experimental Eye Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have previously shown that ExoU, a type III secreted cytotoxin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, causes acute cytotoxicity towards corneal epithelial cells in vitro, and contributes to corneal disease pathology and ocular colonization in vivo. Subsequently, we reported that ExoU represses phagocyte infiltration of infected corneas in vivo. ExoU has patatin-like phospholipase activity that is required for cytotoxic activity in vitro (mammalian cell injury and death) and for disease in a murine model of pneumonia. We hypothesized that the phospholipase activity was required for ExoU-mediated corneal disease and ocular colonization. Using the murine scarification model, corneal disease pathology was examined after inoculation with ~10 6 cfu of a P. aeruginosa effector mutant (PA103ΔexoUexoT::Tc) complemented with either exoU (pUCPexoU), phospholipase-inactive exoU (pUCPexoUD344A) or a plasmid control (pUCP18). Eyes were photographed and disease severity scored at 24 and 48 h post-infection. Viable bacteria colonizing infected eyes were quantified at 6 and 48 h. Complementation with exoU caused significantly more pathology (increased disease severity scores) and enabled bacteria to better colonize (bỹ 1000-fold) at 48 h as compared to phospholipase-inactive exoU which did not differ from plasmid control. Surprisingly, exoU did not contribute to early (6 h) colonization. In-vitro assays confirmed that the phospholipase domain of exoU was required for cytotoxicity towards human corneal epithelial cells. Taken together these data show that the phospholipase activity of the P. aeruginosa cytotoxin, ExoU, plays a role in the pathogenesis of corneal infection via mechanism(s) occurring after initial colonization of a susceptible cornea.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutation of the phospholipase catalytic domain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin ExoU abolishes colonization promoting activity and reduces corneal disease severity

Tam

Lewis

et al. 2007

Experimental Eye Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…117 Compared with bacterial keratitis, fungal keratitis is frequently associated with poorer outcomes 118 and is a recurrent problem in many parts of USA with a recent increase in contact lens wearers. [119][120][121] In developing countries, ocular trauma is a major risk factor. 31,122,123 Fungal spores are able to penetrate compromised epithelium where they germinate, expressing β-glucan and α-mannan molecules on their surface.…”

Section: Onchocerca Volvulus (Onchocerciasis) Onchocerciasis Is Due Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern recognition receptors in microbial keratitis

Taube

Cendra

Elsahn

et al. 2015

Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6,7 Investigations have documented that contact lensrelated microbial keratitis is most commonly caused by bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] P. aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that is commonly found in many environments, including water. It is an opportunistic pathogen and innately resistant to dilute solutions of disinfectants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact lens disinfecting solutions antibacterial efficacy: comparison between clinical isolates and the standard ISO ATCC strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Mohammadinia

Rahmani

Eslami

et al. 2011

Eye

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To evaluate the disinfectant properties of the three multipurpose contact lens disinfecting solutions available in Iran, against clinical isolates and the standard ISO ATCC strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, based on the international organization for standardization (ISO) 14729 guidelines. Methods Three multipurpose solutions that were tested were ReNu Multiplus, Solo Care Aqua and All-Clean Soft. The test solutions were challenged with clinical isolates and the standard strains of P. aeruginosa (ATCC 9027) and S. aureus (ATCC 6538), based on the ISO Stand-alone procedure for disinfecting products. Solutions were sampled for surviving microorganisms at manufacturer's minimum recommended disinfection time. The number of viable organisms was determined and log reductions calculated. Results All of the three test solutions in this study provided a reduction greater than the required mean 3.0 logarithmic reduction against the recommended standard ATCC strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Antibacterial effectiveness of Solo Care Aqua and All-Clean Soft against clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were acceptable based on ISO 14729 Stand-alone test. ReNu MultiPlus showed a minimum acceptable efficacy against the clinical isolate of S. aureus, but did not reduce the clinical isolate by the same amount. Conclusions Although the contact lens disinfecting solutions meet/exceed the ISO 14729 Stand-alone primary acceptance criteria for standard strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, their efficacy may be insufficient against clinical isolates of these organisms.

show abstract

Microbial Keratitis Pathogens and Antibiotic Susceptibilities: A 5-Year Review of Cases at an Urban County Hospital in North Texas

Cited by 109 publications

References 15 publications

Mutation of the phospholipase catalytic domain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin ExoU abolishes colonization promoting activity and reduces corneal disease severity

Mutation of the phospholipase catalytic domain of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin ExoU abolishes colonization promoting activity and reduces corneal disease severity

Pattern recognition receptors in microbial keratitis

Contact lens disinfecting solutions antibacterial efficacy: comparison between clinical isolates and the standard ISO ATCC strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About