MicroCT evaluation of normal and osteoarthritic bone structure in human knee specimens

Patel, Vikas V.; Issever, Ahi Sema; Burghardt, Andrew J.; Laib, Andres; Ries, Michael D.; Majumdar, Sharmila

doi:10.1016/s0736-0266(02)00093-1

Cited by 116 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Micro-CT analysis was used to evaluate morphologic bone changes that are consistent with OA. A decrease in trabecular bone thickness and a loss of bone density has been shown in OA (35). The C57BL/6 mice in this study had a decrease in bone density in the fractured limb compared with the control limb at 4 and 8 weeks postfracture, which is consistent with OA changes previously reported clinically (35,36) and in animal models (7,37,38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A decrease in trabecular bone thickness and a loss of bone density has been shown in OA (35). The C57BL/6 mice in this study had a decrease in bone density in the fractured limb compared with the control limb at 4 and 8 weeks postfracture, which is consistent with OA changes previously reported clinically (35,36) and in animal models (7,37,38). However, the MRL/MpJ mice did not show a decrease in bone density in the fractured limb as compared with the control limb in the metaphyseal region of the tibia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Absence of posttraumatic arthritis following intraarticular fracture in the MRL/MpJ mouse

Ward¹,

Furman²,

Huebner³

et al. 2008

Arthritis & Rheumatism

112

127

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Objective. Posttraumatic arthritis is a frequent long-term complication of intraarticular fractures. A model of a closed intraarticular fracture in C57BL/6 mice that progresses to posttraumatic arthritis has been developed. The MRL/MpJ mouse has shown unique regenerative abilities in response to injury. The objective of this study was to determine if the MRL/MpJ mouse is protected from posttraumatic arthritis after intraarticular fractures.Methods. Intraarticular fractures were created in MRL/MpJ mice and C57BL/6 control mice (n ‫؍‬ 16 each). Limbs were analyzed for posttraumatic arthritis 4 and 8 weeks after fracture using microfocal computed tomography bone morphology, subchondral bone thickness evaluation, and histologic evaluation of cartilage degeneration. Serum cytokines and biomarkers were measured after the mice were killed.Results. Intraarticular fractures were successfully created in all 32 mice. In the experimental fractured limbs, C57BL/6 mice had a decrease in bone density, increased subchondral bone thickness, and increased cartilage degeneration compared with normal contralateral control limbs. In the MRL/MpJ mice, no differences in bone density, subchondral bone thickness, or histologic grading of cartilage degeneration were seen between fractured and contralateral control limbs. Cytokine analysis showed lower systemic levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1␣ (IL-1␣) and higher levels of the antiinflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in the MRL/MpJ mice.Conclusion. This study shows that the MRL/MpJ mouse is relatively protected from posttraumatic arthritis after intraarticular fracture. Further investigation into the mechanism involved in this response will hopefully provide new insight into the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of posttraumatic arthritis after intraarticular fracture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Absence of posttraumatic arthritis following intraarticular fracture in the MRL/MpJ mouse

Ward¹,

Furman²,

Huebner³

et al. 2008

Arthritis & Rheumatism

112

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, histomorphometry cannot accomplish precise quantitative analysis of such parameters as TMD and BMD. Micro-CT makes it an ideal technique to investigate spatial properties at the bone-screw interface and enables three-dimensional quantitative analysis [24]. Studies indicated that micro-CT at a voxel size of 24 lm enabled the detection of bone changes earlier than histomorphometry in a model of osteoporosis in rats killed at different time points [2,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical and histological evaluation of an expandable pedicle screw in osteoporotic spine in sheep

Wan

Lei

et al. 2010

Eur Spine J

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Transpedicular fixation can be challenging in the osteoporotic spine as reduced bone mineral density compromises the mechanical stability of the pedicle screw. Here, we sought to investigate the biomechanical and histological properties of stabilization of expandable pedicle screw (EPS) in the osteoporotic spine in sheep. EPSs and standard pedicle screws, SINO screws, were inserted on the vertebral bodies in four female ovariectomized sheep. Pull-out and cyclic bending resistance test were performed to compare the holding strength of these pedicle screws. High-resolution micro-computed tomography (CT) was performed for three-dimensional image reconstruction. We found that the EPSs provided a 59.6% increase in the pull-out strength over the SINO screws. Moreover, the EPSs withstood a greater number of cycles or load with less displacement before loosening. Micro-CT image reconstruction showed that the tissue mineral density, bone volume fraction, bone surface/bone volume ratio, trabecular thickness, and trabecular separation were significantly better in the expandable portion of the EPSs than those in the anterior portion of the SINO screws (P \ 0.05). Furthermore, the trabecular architecture in the screw-bone interface was denser in the expandable portion of the EPS than that in the anterior portion of the SINO screw. Histologically, newly formed bone tissues grew into the center of EPS and were in close contact with the EPS. Our results show that the EPS demonstrates improved biomechanical and histological properties over the standard screw in the osteoporotic spine. The EPS may be of value in treating patients with osteoporosis and warrants further clinical studies.

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“…7,9,29 Furthermore, in the indirect approach most microstructural parameters are derived from very few basic parameters, so that the microstructural parameters have a strong interrelation by definition. To account for the dependence of the trabecular microstructural parameters on the depth position relative to the bone surface 11,27,28 the bone samples were divided into two volumes of interest (VOIs) of different depth positions. The first VOI starts directly beneath the cortical layer and ends 5 mm beneath the cortical layer (subcortical region) and the second VOI starts 5 mm beneath the cortical layer and ends 10 mm beneath the cortical layer (inner region).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] From comparative studies a wide range of microstructural parameters is reported, depending on donor age, bone type, and bone region.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The interrelation of trabecular microstructural parameters of the greater tubercle measured for different species

Hölzer

Pietschmann

Rösl

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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In the present study the trabecular microstructural parameters (bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, trabecular separation, trabecular number, connectivity density, degree of anisotropy, and structure model index) of the greater tubercle of the humeral head were measured for human healthy, human osteopenic, ovine, bovine, and porcine bones using micro-computed tomography. Except for trabecular thickness and degree of anisotropy the values of the trabecular microstructural parameters generally differed significantly between species. Thus, only the species for which the implant is designed should be used for in vitro mechanical tests on the stability of implants in trabecular bone. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the microstructural parameters have similar principal interrelations in all species. The most significant relations were found between trabecular thickness and bone volume fraction (median (over all species) p < 0.001), trabecular number and bone volume fraction (p ¼ 0.001), the structural change from plates to rods and bone volume fraction (p < 0.001) as well as between connectivity density and trabecular number (p < 0.001). Trabecular thickness, trabecular number, and the structural change from plates to rods each contributed to the bone volume fraction approximately to the same extent. Based on the similar principal interrelations of the trabecular microstructural parameters found in all investigated species the design of trabecular microstructure in the greater tubercle follows similar phenomenological mechanisms in all species. Thus, in vivo experiments on trabecular bone healing and osteoporosis research for application in humans can be conducted in ovine, bovine, or porcine species. ß

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MicroCT evaluation of normal and osteoarthritic bone structure in human knee specimens

Cited by 116 publications

References 33 publications

Absence of posttraumatic arthritis following intraarticular fracture in the MRL/MpJ mouse

Absence of posttraumatic arthritis following intraarticular fracture in the MRL/MpJ mouse

Biomechanical and histological evaluation of an expandable pedicle screw in osteoporotic spine in sheep

The interrelation of trabecular microstructural parameters of the greater tubercle measured for different species

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