Microencapsulation of Riboflavin (Vitamin B₂) using Alginate and Chitosan : Effect of Alginate and Chitosan Concentration upon Microcapsule Diameter

Abstract

Riboflavin ( Vitamin B2) plays an important role in the development of human body tissue, the production of red blood cells and helps release energy derived from protein. Riboflavin cannot be produced and stored by the human body therefore must be supplied outside via food. Riboflavin is very sensitive and unstable to environmental influence such as light and reductor. One of technology for maintaining the stability of riboflavin is microencapsulation which is composed of polymer matrix containing riboflavin. Alginate was chosen as a polymer matrix because of riboflavin’s absorption ability, biodegradable, biocompatible and non-toxic. The matrix polymer is strengthened by coating it with chitosan. The layer is then reinforced by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. This research aims to study the microencapsulation process of riboflavin with alginate and chitosan. This research also studied the effect of alginate and chiton concentrations upon the diameter of microcapsules.The results showed that microencapsulation of riboflavin with alginate and chitosan can be done. The increase in chitosan concentration will reduce the size of microcapsules diameter. The concentration of alginate does not significantly affect the size of microcapsules diameter. Average diameter microcapsule range 380 – 610 µm, smaller than other research studies

Application of plant proteins as alternative emulsifiers in double emulsions: using kappa‐carrageenan for complex coacervation and microencapsulation of riboflavin

“…This suggests that agitation and the formation of PPI/ k ‐carr complexes during the complex coacervation process might have caused the release of encapsulated riboflavin in the internal aqueous phase by diffusion or coalescence with the external aqueous phase (Schuch et al ., 2013). Nevertheless, the riboflavin encapsulation efficiencies of the two DECC systems in this study were superior to the riboflavin encapsulation efficiencies of Na‐alginate‐chitosan microcapsules (55.70%) and soy protein‐dextran nanogels (41.7–54.9%) (Jin et al ., 2016; Danarto et al ., 2020).…”

“…Subsequently, riboflavin was encapsulated in the shortlisted DECC, and their encapsulation properties were studied and compared against the DE systems. Riboflavin aids in the breaking down of macronutrients and facilitates energy metabolism (Danarto et al ., 2020). It is an essential vitamin and is vital for growth.…”

Interaction between soy protein isolate and surfactant at the interface of antibacterial nanoemulsions loaded with riboflavin tetra butyrate

“…As a non-thermal photophysical and photochemical reaction, aPDT requires the presence of oxygen, visible light and photosensitisers (Nowis et al, 2005). Riboflavin, as one of the components of the B 2 vitamin complex, has been described as a photosensitiser that plays an important biological role (Danarto et al, 2020;Hashem, 2021). However, the low incorporation ratio of riboflavin in various biological tissues because of its low water solubility characteristics.…”