Microencapsulation of Thymol in Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA): Physical and Antibacterial Properties

Zhu, Zhu; Min, Tiantian; Zhang, Xueji; Wen, Yongqiang

doi:10.3390/ma12071133

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Zhun et al, prepared thymol-loaded PLGA MPs with an initial fast release followed by a slow and sustained release. These MPs demonstrated to have astrong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus confirmed by analytical tests in milk samples (Zhu et al 2019 ). These results showed that thymol-loaded PLGA MPs could be used as antimicrobial and preservation additives in food industry (Zhu et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Drug Encapsulation and In Vitro And In Vivo Releasementioning

confidence: 91%

“…These MPs demonstrated to have astrong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus confirmed by analytical tests in milk samples (Zhu et al 2019). These results showed that thymol-loaded PLGA MPs could be used as antimicrobial and preservation additives in food industry (Zhu et al 2019). Same molecules with a high water solubility such as gentamicin sulfate can be encapsulated by post-loading procedure by simply putting PLGA MPs into drug solutions.…”

Section: Drug Encapsulation and Its Loading Efficiency Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, these substances have a low loading efficacy that can be overcome using cationic excipients as the lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP), which is able to improve the drug solubility (Ungaro et al 2010). PLGA MPs can also be used in food industry to encapsulate anti-microbic agents as thymol (Zhu et al 2019). This molecule shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, but its volatile characteristics and strong odor represent a big limitation for the use in food products that could be easily overcome by microencapsulation.…”

Section: Drug Encapsulation and Its Loading Efficiency Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PLGA MPs can also be used in food industry to encapsulate anti-microbic agents as thymol (Zhu et al 2019 ). This molecule shows broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, but its volatile characteristics and strong odor represent a big limitation for the use in food products that could be easily overcome by microencapsulation.…”

Section: Drug Encapsulation and In Vitro And In Vivo Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery

et al. 2020

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Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are recognized as very popular carriers to increase the bioavailability and bio-distribution of both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Among different kinds of polymers, poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most accepted materials for this purpose, because of its biodegradability (due to the presence of ester linkages that are degraded by hydrolysis in aqueous environments) and safety (PLGA is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound). Moreover, its biodegradability depends on the number of glycolide units present in the structure, indeed, lower glycol content results in an increased degradation time and conversely a higher monomer unit number results in a decreased time. Due to this feature, it is possible to design and fabricate MPs with a programmable and time-controlled drug release. Many approaches and procedures can be used to prepare MPs. The chosen fabrication methodology influences size, stability, entrapment efficiency, and MPs release kinetics. For example, lipophilic drugs as chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin), anti-inflammatory non-steroidal (indomethacin), and nutraceuticals (curcumin) were successfully encapsulated in MPs prepared by single emulsion technique, while water-soluble compounds, such as aptamer, peptides and proteins, involved the use of double emulsion systems to provide a hydrophilic compartment and prevent molecular degradation. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview about the preparation and characterization of drug-loaded PLGA MPs obtained by single, double emulsion and microfluidic techniques, and their current applications in the pharmaceutical industry. Graphic abstract

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Section: Drug Encapsulation and In Vitro And In Vivo Releasementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Drug Encapsulation and Its Loading Efficiency Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Drug Encapsulation and Its Loading Efficiency Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drug Encapsulation and In Vitro And In Vivo Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery

et al. 2020

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“…Microspheres used in clinic include biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials [11,12]. Currently, biodegradable microspheres [13,14], such as polylactide (PLA) [15], have received wide attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Modification of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres with Enhanced Hydrophilicity and Dispersibility for Arterial Embolization

Wang

Ren

2019

Materials

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In this study, a series of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres with different particle sizes for arterial embolization surgery were prepared. The polydopamine (PDA) and polydopamine/polyethyleneimine (PDA/PEI) were respectively coated on the PLGA microspheres as shells, in order to improve the hydrophilicity and dispersibility of PLGA embolization microspheres. After modification, with the introduction of PDA and PEI, many hydrophilic hydroxyl and amine groups appeared on the surface of the PLGA@PDA and PLGA@PDA/PEI microspheres. SEM images showed the morphologies, sizes, and changes of the as-prepared microspheres. Meanwhile, the XPS and FT-IR spectra demonstrated the successful modification of the PDA and PEI. Water contact angles (WCAs) of the PLGA@PDA and PLGA@PDA/PEI microspheres became smaller, indicating a certain improvement in surface hydrophilicity. In addition, the results of in vitro cytotoxicity showed that modification had little effect on the biosafety of the microspheres. The modified PLGA microspheres suggest a promising prospective application in biomedical field, as the modified microspheres can reduce difficulties in embolization surgery.

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Effect of potassium salts on the structure of γ‐cyclodextrin MOF and the encapsulation properties with thymol

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND: Thymol is a natural essential oil with strong volatility, low solubility, poor dispersion, strong irritation, and an unpleasant smell, which often requires appropriate porous materials to encapsulate thymol during the application process. However, the encapsulation efficiency of thymol in inclusion complexes is low, and new methods of encapsulation need to be developed. In the present study, the encapsulation capacity, storage stability, and antibacterial activity of thymol were investigated using γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) by cocrystallization and high-temperature adsorption methods. The effect of different potassium salts (i.e. KOH, KCl, and KAc) on the structure and complexation of γ-CD-MOFs was also analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with γ-CD, the thymol encapsulation capacity of γ-CD-MOFs was increased by two-to three-fold, with the encapsulation content following the order: KAc-γ-CD-MOF (293.8 mg g -1 ) > KOH-γ-CD-MOF (287.7 mg g -1 ) > KCl-γ-CD-MOF (249.3 mg g -1 ). The anions in the solution participate in the coordination and influence the symmetry relationship between atoms and ions. This explains the differences in both the three-dimensional γ-CD-MOF structure and the thymol encapsulation amount, as well as the high storage stability of thymol. CONCLUSION: The in vitro release kinetics and antibacterial experiments showed that the inclusion complexes prepared by γ-CD-MOFs had higher stability, sustainability, and antibacterial activity, which suggests that it is an excellent complex material for industrial and agricultural applications.

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Microencapsulation of Thymol in Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA): Physical and Antibacterial Properties

Cited by 48 publications

References 27 publications

Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery

Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery

Surface Modification of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres with Enhanced Hydrophilicity and Dispersibility for Arterial Embolization

Effect of potassium salts on the structure of γ‐cyclodextrin MOF and the encapsulation properties with thymol

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