Microfluidic Electrospray Niacin Metal-Organic Frameworks Encapsulated Microcapsules for Wound Healing

Abstract

<jats:p>Niacin metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) encapsulated microcapsules with alginate shells and copper-/zinc-niacin framework cores were<jats:italic> in situ</jats:italic> synthesized by using a microfluidic electrospray approach for wound healing. As the alginate shells were bacteria-responsively degradable, the niacin MOFs encapsulated microcapsules could intelligently, controllably, and programmably release calcium, copper, and zinc ions, depending on the degree of infections. The released ions could not only kill microbes by destroying their membrane and inducing the outflow of nutrient substance, but also activate copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) to eliminate oxygen free radicals and rescue the cells from oxidative stress injury. Furthermore, the simultaneously released niacin could promote hemangiectasis and absorption of functional metal ions. Thus, the niacin MOFs encapsulated microcapsules were imparted with outstanding antibacterial, antioxidant, and angiogenesis properties. Based on an in vivo study, we have also demonstrated that the chronic wound healing process of an infected full-thickness skin defect model could be significantly enhanced by using the niacin MOFs encapsulated microcapsules as therapeutic agent. Therefore, the microfluidic electrospray niacin MOFs encapsulated microcapsules are potential for clinical applications.</jats:p>

Surface Engineered Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Based Novel Hybrid Systems for Effective Wound Healing: A Review of Recent Developments

“…Additionally, the continuously generated niacin facilitated hemangiectasis and uptake of functional metal ions. These MOFs further improved the healing process of the wound of the injured full-thickness skin defect model (Chen et al, 2019).…”

“…The high structural designability and flexible functionality of the MOFs in specific create synergistic effects with the drugs, helping to make them potential candidates for healing multiple kinds of wounds (Liu et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2019b). MOFs are widely used for wound healing owing to their increased drug loading, surface modulation for targeted delivery and controlled released of the wound healing agents, lesser toxicities, intrinsic angiogenic and antibacterial properties as compared to other nanomaterials (Xiao et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2019). The wound healing properties of MOFs can be further improved through their surface engineering.…”

“…In recent years, MOFs have gained more interest in the field of biomedical applications, such as drug carriers, biological imaging, sensing, and theranostic nanovectors due to their unique benefits of large pores, biodegradation, biocompatibility, increased drug loading, and flexible size (Yu et al, 2017). Currently, MOFs are getting wider attention for wound healing owing to their increased drug loading, surface modulation for targeted delivery and controlled released of the wound healing agents, lesser toxicities, intrinsic angiogenic and antibacterial properties as compared to other nanomaterials (Xiao et al, 2017;Chen et al, 2019). As compare to other nanomaterials, MOFs have metals ions, for instance, copper, as their central structural blocks.…”

Electrospun Core–Shell Fibrous 2D Scaffold with Biocompatible Poly(Glycerol Sebacate) and Poly-l-Lactic Acid for Wound Healing

“…Nowadays, the death rate caused by the infection of hardto-healing wounds is high [1], especially in the cases of the necrosis of tissues [2] or the organs grafting [3] in the war and the poor countries [4,5]. The tissues regeneration and engineering could alleviate the healthcare burden worldwide.…”

Migration-Prevention Strategy to Fabricate Single-Atom Fe Implanted N-Doped Porous Carbons for Efficient Oxygen Reduction

“…In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) constructed by coordinate bonds between organic linkers and metal ions have attracted extensive attention in gas adsorption and catalysis because of their large surface areas, tunable structures, and pore sizes [39][40][41][42]. Particularly, heteroatoms are uniformed distributed in the highly ordered frameworks make MOFs as self-sacrificed precursors/templates for the fabrication of the highly efficient single-atom metal implanted carbon-based electrocatalysts [43,44].…”