Micromachined deformable mirrors for adaptive optics

Bifano, Thomas G.; Perreault, Julie A.; Bierden, Paul; Dimas, Clara

doi:10.1117/12.457847

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many deformable mirrors technologies such as mechanical mirrors with piezoelectric actuators, liquid crystal spatial light modulators, micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) deformable mirrors, etc. [6][7][8][9] have been investigated for active phase compensation. Mechanical DMs are typically bulky and expensive, and not scalable to large number of actuators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with dual deformable mirrors

Chen¹,

Jones²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AO SLO) has demonstrated superior optical quality of non-invasive view of the living retina, but with limited capability of aberration compensation. In this paper, we demonstrate that the use of dual deformable mirrors can effectively compensate large aberrations in the human retina. We used a bimorph mirror to correct large-stroke, low-order aberrations and a MEMS mirror to correct low-stroke, high-order aberration. The measured ocular RMS wavefront error of a test subject was 240 nm without AO compensation. We were able to reduce the RMS wavefront error to 90 nm in clinical settings using one deformable mirror for the phase compensation and further reduced the wavefront error to 48 nm using two deformable mirrors. Compared with that of a single-deformable-mirror SLO system, dual AO SLO offers much improved dynamic range and better correction of the wavefront aberrations. The use of large-stroke deformable mirrors provided the system with the capability of axial sectioning different layers of the retina. We have achieved diffraction-limited in-vivo retinal images of targeted retinal layers such as photoreceptor layer, blood vessel layer and nerve fiber layers with the combined phase compensation of the two deformable mirrors in the AOSLO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with dual deformable mirrors

Chen¹,

Jones²,

Silva³

et al. 2007

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

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show abstract

“…We next demonstrate the wavefront correcting capabilities of the deformable mirror. The μDM100 DM from Boston Micromachines with 100 electrostatic actuators, a 3.3mm round aperture, and 2μm stroke was chosen for this design [20]. Instead of modeling all 100 actuators, we created a user defined surface in ZEMAX consisting of a set of 43 evenly spaced Gaussian basis functions to represent the mirror surface shape.…”

Section: Specifications and Predicted Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Scanning Optical Microscope (ASOM): A multidisciplinary optical microscope design for large field of view and high resolution imaging

2005

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“…The use of adaptive optics (AO) in the scanning laser ophthalmoscope [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] to correct ocular aberrations has further increased the imaging quality by reducing the wavefront errors in the optical paths. In an AO SLO, the ocular aberrations of the test subjects are measured by a wavefront sensor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with dual-deformable mirrors for large aberration correction

et al. 2007

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Scanning laser ophthalmoscopes with adaptive optics (AOSLO) have been shown previously to provide a noninvasive, cellular-scale view of the living human retina. However, the clinical utility of these systems has been limited by the available deformable mirror technology. In this paper, we demonstrate that the use of dual deformable mirrors can effectively compensate large aberrations in the human retina, making the AOSLO system a viable, non-invasive, high-resolution imaging tool for clinical diagnostics. We used a bimorph deformable mirror to correct low-order aberrations with relatively large amplitudes. The bimorph mirror is manufactured by Aoptix, Inc. with 37 elements and 18 µm stroke in a 10 mm aperture. We used a MEMS deformable mirror to correct high-order aberrations with lower amplitudes. The MEMS mirror is manufactured by Boston Micromachine, Inc with 144 elements and 1.5 µm stroke in a 3 mm aperture. We have achieved near diffraction-limited retina images using the dual deformable mirrors to correct large aberrations up to ±3D of defocus and ±3D of cylindrical aberrations with test subjects. This increases the range of spectacle corrections by the AO systems by a factor of 10, which is crucial for use in the clinical environment. This ability for large phase compensation can eliminate accurate refractive error fitting for the patients, which greatly improves the system ease of use and efficiency in the clinical environment.

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Micromachined deformable mirrors for adaptive optics

Cited by 42 publications

References 6 publications

High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with dual deformable mirrors

High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with dual deformable mirrors

Adaptive Scanning Optical Microscope (ASOM): A multidisciplinary optical microscope design for large field of view and high resolution imaging

High-resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope with dual-deformable mirrors for large aberration correction

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