Microplasma illumination enhancement of vertically aligned conducting ultrananocrystalline diamond nanorods

Sankaran, Kamatchi Jothiramalingam; Srinivasu, K.; Lou, Shiu-Cheng; Kurian, Joji; Chen, Huang-Chin; Lee, Chi-Young; Tai, Nyan‐Hwa; Leou, Keh-Chyang; Chen, Chulung; Lin, I‐Nan

doi:10.1186/1556-276x-7-522

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The data trend was reflected by an accompanying change in film morphology. C 2 dimers are considered the main precursors for NCD growth, because they promote secondary nucleation rate and limit the extension of the one-dimensional diamond nanostructures [16]. As nitrogen is introduced into the gas mixture, N 2 is converted into CN radicals, which do not participate in diamond growth, but act as a catalyst for increasing the rate of diamond growth [14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nitrogen addition to Ar/CH4 gas mixture on microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline diamond

Lee¹,

Lin³

et al. 2014

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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In the present study, nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) nanowire films were synthesized on silicon substrates, using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) with a CH 4 /Ar/N 2 gas mixture at moderate temperatures. The influence of nitrogen concentration on the formation of NCD was investigated. The characteristics of NCD films were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, optical emission spectroscopy (OES), and a contact angle meter. NCD nanowire films with 300-500 nm length were grown with the incorporation of nitrogen. Heterostructures of sp 3 -bonded diamond nanowires and sp 2 -bonded graphite were synthesized by adding small amounts of nitrogen to the CH 4 /Ar gas mixture. Surface roughness became smooth and the grain size decreased as the nitrogen was introduced into the CH 4 /Ar gas mixture. With the increase of nitrogen concentration, the sp 2 /sp 3 ratio of carbon bonds increased. The wettability of the NCD nanowire films was sensitive to the bonding structure. The hydrophobic and non-reactive properties of NCD nanowire films make them highly applicable for biomedical implants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of nitrogen addition to Ar/CH4 gas mixture on microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline diamond

Lee¹,

Lin³

et al. 2014

Journal of Polymer Engineering

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“…Nanodiamond particles spread on conducting N‐UNCD films can be used as the etch mask to fabricate vertically aligned conducting N‐UNCD nanorods, as reported by Sankaran et al . These nanorods are highly conductive ( σ = 275 Ω −1 cm −1 ).…”

Section: Understanding Of the Enhancement Of Conductivity And Efe In mentioning

confidence: 97%

On the role of graphite in ultrananocrystalline diamond films used for electron field emitter applications

Kurian

Sankaran

Lin

2014

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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This Feature Article gives an account of the different pieces of work conducted by various groups around the world aimed at constituting a single model explaining the enhancement of conductivity and electron field emission properties in diamond. The scope of the presence of graphite phase or the evolution of intermediate energy levels within the band gap or defects in the diamond phase being causes of such enhancement has been explored by various groups. Along with this we present the studies performed by our group, the enhancement of the field emission and conductivity employing different approaches like ion irradiation, ion implantation, ion doping in the plasma or formation of composite films. From our studies we reveal that such modifications of properties are related to microstructural alterations. The prominent change observed, and contributing to this enhancement, is the increase in the grain boundaries, with sp2 graphitic phases residing in them. The effect of n‐ or p‐type doing into diamond is ruled out. The betterment of the field emission and conductivity is attributed to the interconnected sp2 phases within the grain boundaries, which form itineraries for electrons to traverse through the material.

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“…The presence of sp 2 phase is possibly caused by the ion bombardment damage on sp 3 -bonded carbon induced in the RIE O 2 plasma etching process. 17,46 On the basis of micro-Raman spectroscopy and HAADF-STEM investigations, the DGH nanorod is actually a nanohybrid material, consisting of nano-sized diamond grains (sp 3 -bonded carbon) and nanographites (sp 2 -bonded carbon) located in the boundaries between the diamond grains. The nanographitic phase transported the electrons upward and transferred the electrons to the tip of DGH nanorods for field emitting.…”

Section: -2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertically aligned diamond-graphite hybrid nanorod arrays with superior field electron emission properties

et al. 2017

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A “patterned-seeding technique” in combination with a “nanodiamond masked reactive ion etching process” is demonstrated for fabricating vertically aligned diamond-graphite hybrid (DGH) nanorod arrays. The DGH nanorod arrays possess superior field electron emission (FEE) behavior with a low turn-on field, long lifetime stability, and large field enhancement factor. Such an enhanced FEE is attributed to the nanocomposite nature of the DGH nanorods, which contain sp2-graphitic phases in the boundaries of nano-sized diamond grains. The simplicity in the nanorod fabrication process renders the DGH nanorods of greater potential for the applications as cathodes in field emission displays and microplasma display devices.

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Microplasma illumination enhancement of vertically aligned conducting ultrananocrystalline diamond nanorods

Cited by 27 publications

References 37 publications

The effect of nitrogen addition to Ar/CH4 gas mixture on microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline diamond

The effect of nitrogen addition to Ar/CH4 gas mixture on microstructural characterization of nanocrystalline diamond

On the role of graphite in ultrananocrystalline diamond films used for electron field emitter applications

Vertically aligned diamond-graphite hybrid nanorod arrays with superior field electron emission properties

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