Microporous membrane introduction mass spectrometry with solvent chemical ionization and glow discharge for the direct detection of volatile organic compounds in aqueous solution

Lauritsen, Frants Roager; Tk, Choudhury; Dejarme, Lindy E.; Cooks, R. Graham

doi:10.1016/0003-2670(92)85274-a

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The major ions in the plasma are protonated water [H 3 . As explained in their paper, 9 the structure of the observed CI plasma is first of all a function of the water partial pressure inside the ion source, but also of the flight path to the detector since the cluster ions can dissociate either spontaneously or through collisions with gases in the background pressure. Whether the small differences between the two CI plasmas are caused by a pressure difference, or by differences in dimensions, is difficult to say.…”

Section: Description Of the Desorption Chemical Ionization Mims Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Detection of dicarboxylic acids in aqueous samples using membrane inlet mass spectrometry with desorption chemical ionization

Ketola¹,

Lauritsen²

1999

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

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In order to detect highly polar organic compounds in water using membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS), we designed a desorption chemical ionization ion source with a tubular polyacrylonitrile membrane positioned in the center of the chemical ionization (Cl) ion plasma. With this system we have for the first time been able to detect dicarboxylic acids (malonic and succinic acid) in aqueous samples with a MIMS system. The dicarboxylic acids were detected with both standard MIMS and trap-and-release MIMS methods. The trap-and-release MIMS method gave the best signal to noise ratio spectra with detection limits down to 50 mg/L. Although the results presented are very preliminary, they suggest that rapid detection or even on-line monitoring of this important group of biological metabolites might be possible with a MIMS system. Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Received 25 January 1999; Revised 18 February 1999; Accepted 19 February 1999 In the standard version of membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS) a polymer membrane (silicone) is used as the only separation between a liquid sample and the mass spectrometer. Volatile organic compounds dissolve in the membrane, diffuse through it and evaporate into the ion source of the mass spectrometer, where they are ionized and analyzed. This transport process, called pervaporation, is highly specific and favors hydrophobic compounds. For example, hydrophobic compounds, such as the typical industrial solvents trichloroethene and toluene, can be measured at extremely low levels (parts-per-trillion), 1 whereas hydrophilic compounds like small carboxylic acid can only be detected at parts-per-million levels.2 Besides the preference for hydrophobic compounds, the standard MIMS method is useful only for determination of volatile compounds (boiling point below 200°C).Several researchers have worked on an expansion of the MIMS technique to include detection of less volatile and/or hydrophilic compounds.3 Thus far only the trap-and-release MIMS (T&R-MIMS) system 4,5 has successfully been used to detect compounds of both low volatility and relatively high polarity, such as acetylsalicylic acid, caffeine and pentachlorophenol. However, new and very promising techniques are under development at other laboratories. For example, Soni et al.6 developed a MIMS system using laser-stimulated desorption to assist the evaporation of nonvolatile hydrophobic compounds like indeno[1,2,3,-cd]pyrene (b.p. 530°C) from the membrane surface, and Yakovlev et al.7 developed a MIMS system using high electric fields to draw ions from solution through the membrane and into the mass spectrometer. In this paper we present the first results obtained with a system in which T&R-MIMS was combined with desorption chemical ionization (DCI). Desorption chemical ionization was developed in 1973 by Baldwin and McLafferty 8 as a method for the detection of involatile compounds (oligopeptides). In their experiments the sample was deposited as a dilute solution on the surface of the extended tip of a conventio...

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Section: Description Of the Desorption Chemical Ionization Mims Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Detection of dicarboxylic acids in aqueous samples using membrane inlet mass spectrometry with desorption chemical ionization

Ketola¹,

Lauritsen²

1999

Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.

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“…Lauritsen et al (130) described the use of a microporous polypropylene membrane for the introduction of aqueous samples in mass spectrometers to sufficient levels so that the water steam was used to react a gas for chemical ionization. Dejarme et al (131) described a technique of membrane separation for the detection at ppt levels of VOCs in aqueous dissolutions.…”

Section: Environmental Waters Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Analytical Chemistry—Application of Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis: An Overview

Llamas

Ojeda

Rojas

2007

Applied Spectroscopy Reviews

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“…The relatively low pressure of alkanes and alkenes, combined with low solubility and diffusivity in the membrane, makes the detection and analysis of nonpolar alkanes and alkenes in air a challenging problem. By using CH 3 CN as the CI reagent, this concentrates the ion fragmentation of these compounds into a series of intense peaks that may be suitable for improving the sensitivity and the ability of the MIMS for direct mixture analysis [4,14,15,19,20,24].…”

Section: Detection Limits and Quantitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A variety of selective chemical ionization reagents have been used in combination with the MIMS technique; including isobutene [16], methane [13], ammonia [13], water vapor [20], oxygen [21], and nitric oxide [22]. The two important advantages of chemical ionization are the molecular ion production (or pseudo-molecular ions) and the control over the ion fragmentation of analytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the selectivity of non-polar alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds by the application of acetonitrile as a Cl reagent

Alwedian

Abu‐Shandi

2009

Open Chemistry

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Abstract:The selective enhancement of membrane introduction mass spectrometry for non-polar alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds by the application of acetonitrile as a chemical ionization reagent was investigated. Acetonitrile CI is able to produce specific fragment ions for many of the compounds test and this can be used to identify and quantify the parent neutrals. This method provided relatively high detection limits of the test compounds. This method could potentially be useful for analytical applications such as the detection of non-polar hydrocarbons for environmental studies if CH 3 CN CI/MIMS is coupled with a preconcentration method.© Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

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Microporous membrane introduction mass spectrometry with solvent chemical ionization and glow discharge for the direct detection of volatile organic compounds in aqueous solution

Cited by 35 publications

References 22 publications

Detection of dicarboxylic acids in aqueous samples using membrane inlet mass spectrometry with desorption chemical ionization

Detection of dicarboxylic acids in aqueous samples using membrane inlet mass spectrometry with desorption chemical ionization

Process Analytical Chemistry—Application of Mass Spectrometry in Environmental Analysis: An Overview

Improving the selectivity of non-polar alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds by the application of acetonitrile as a Cl reagent

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