Micropropagation and production of arbutin in oriental strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne L.)

Abstract

A protocol for micropropagation of Arbutus andrachne from seeds was developed. Results indicated that none of the seeds cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, with or without plant growth regulators (PGRs), germinated. Seeds soaked in 250 mg l -1 gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) at 4°C for 3 days, then cultured on water-agar medium containing 2.0 mg l -1 GA 3 exhibited 80-100% germination and developed into usable seedlings. Shoot proliferation was tested on MS or B5 medium containing different concentrations of cytokinin. No shoot proliferation was observed on PGR-free medium. Proliferation was more successful on MS than on B5 medium. On both media, the most successful proliferation was obtained using zeatin as a cytokinin type. Rooting was tested on MS medium containing different concentrations of auxin. Rooting failed on PGR-free medium and on medium containing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0.25 or 0.5 mg l -1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), or 0.25, 0.5 or 2.0 mg l -1 a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Rooting (40%) was most successful with 1.0 mg l -1 NAA. Rooted plantlets exhibited 80% survival in all mixtures of peatmoss and perlite, and acclimatized plants were successfully grown in the greenhouse. Quantitative analysis of arbutin performed on in vivo and in vitro leaves using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed that in vivo leaves contained higher arbutin content (0.3-0.81% w/w) than in vitro leaves (0.09% w/w). The highest yield of arbutin in vivo was detected in leaves collected in August, and the lowest yield in leaves collected in December.

Genotype- and age-dependent patterns of lignin and cellulose in regenerants derived from 80-year-old trees of black mulberry (Morus nigra L.)

“…The very high in vitro rooting frequencies recorded in our study were achieved using low concentrations of NAA. This auxin has been shown to be an efficient stimulator of adventitious root primordia induction in many plants such as Pinus massoniana (Zhu et al 2010), Arbutus andrachne (Mostafa et al 2010), Crepis novoana (Corral et al 2011) and Metabriggsia ovalifolia (Ma et al 2011b). Taken together, the protocol described herein may be applied to the rapid micropropagation of old M. nigra trees as efficiently as other mulberry protocols apply to juvenile plant material.…”

Large-scale somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of Panax notoginseng

“…2a). Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) is sometimes used to disrupt dormancy and trigger the germination of seeds (Finkelstein et al 2008;Mostafa et al 2010), or somatic embryos that remain dormant (Choi and Jeong 2002;You et al 2007). To stimulate the germination of embryos of P. notoginseng, cotyledonary embryos were cultured on medium with 0.0-4.0 mg/L GA 3 .…”

Cryopreservation of wild Shih (Artemisia herba-alba Asso.) shoot-tips by encapsulation-dehydration and encapsulation-vitrification

“…Single plant may formulate thousands or even millions of plants depending on the facility of the tissue culture method (Conger 1981;Pierik 1997). Furthermore, micropropagation and conservation of plant genetic resources via tissue culture has become an important effort by research work in the last three decades (Al-Qudah et al 2011;Mostafa et al 2010;Musallam et al 2011).…”