Microsatellite variability reveals high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation in a critical giant panda population

Yang, Jiandong; Zhang, Zhihe; Shen, Fang; Yang, Xiangdong; Liang, Zhang; Chen, Limin; Zhang, Wenping; Zhu, Qing; Hou, Rong

doi:10.1093/czoolo/57.6.717

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Only 31 individual giant pandas were identified from the 34 fecal samples: 16 from the Hongshihe subpopulation and 15 from the Motianling subpopulation ( Table 1 ). GIMLET analysis demonstrated that the combination of the 10 chosen loci produced identical genotypes of full siblings by chance with a probability of 2.4×10 −5 , which is consistent with the report by Yang et al [11] .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Due to the poor quality of fecal DNA, only 34 out of the 91 fecal samples were successfully performed for individual identification with the 10 microsatellite loci under the methods of Yang et al [11] and Solberg et al [12] . Only 31 individual giant pandas were identified from the 34 fecal samples: 16 from the Hongshihe subpopulation and 15 from the Motianling subpopulation ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ten giant panda special microsatellite loci described by Yang et al [11] were used in our study. PCR products were resolved by using an ABI 3100 automated sequencer (Applied Biosystems Inc.), and analyzed by using the GenoTyper Analysis Software (ver.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.7, Applied Biosystems Inc.). Reliable genotypes of each fecal sample were obtained according to the methods described by Yang et al [11] and Solberg et al [12] . GIMLET [13] was used to estimate the probability of full-sib or unrelated pairs of giant pandas with an identical multi-locus genotype.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Baylisascaris schroederi Infection in Wild Giant Pandas by an Accurate and Sensitive PCR/CE-SSCP Method

et al. 2012

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It has been recognized that other than habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, the infection of the roundworm Baylisascaris schroederi (B. schroederi) is one of the major causes of death in wild giant pandas. However, the prevalence and intensity of the parasite infection has been inconsistently reported through a method that uses sedimentation-floatation followed by a microscope examination. This method fails to accurately determine infection because there are many bamboo residues and/or few B. schroederi eggs in the examined fecal samples. In the present study, we adopted a method that uses PCR and capillary electrophoresis combined with a single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (PCR/CE-SSCP) to detect B. schroederi infection in wild giant pandas at a nature reserve, and compared it to the traditional microscope approach. The PCR specifically amplified a single band of 279-bp from both fecal samples and positive controls, which was confirmed by sequence analysis to correspond to the mitochondrial COII gene of B. schroederi. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the amount of genomic DNA was linearly correlated with the peak area of the CE-SSCP analysis. Thus, our adopted method can reliably detect the infectious prevalence and intensity of B. schroederi in wild giant pandas. The prevalence of B. schroederi was found to be 54% in the 91 fecal samples examined, and 48% in the fecal samples of 31 identified individual giant pandas. Infectious intensities of the 91 fecal samples were detected to range from 2.8 to 959.2 units/gram, and from 4.8 to 959.2 units/gram in the fecal samples of the 31 identified giant pandas. For comparison, by using the traditional microscope method, the prevalence of B. schroederi was found to be only 33% in the 91 fecal samples, 32% in the fecal samples of the 31 identified giant pandas, and no reliable infectious intensity was observed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of Baylisascaris schroederi Infection in Wild Giant Pandas by an Accurate and Sensitive PCR/CE-SSCP Method

et al. 2012

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“…They concluded that low genetic variation was unlikely to be a critical threat to this species. With the improvement of noninvasive genetic sampling Fang et al 1996;Ding et al 1998;Zhan et al 2006), genetic studies in wild panda populations based on large-scale faecal collections were rapidly implemented, and these studies also detected relatively high levels of microsatellite and mtDNA diversity He et al 2008;Hu et al 2010a,b;Yang et al 2011;Zhu et al 2011b) (Table 1).…”

Section: Genetic Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Black and white and read all over: the past, present and future of giant panda genetics

et al. 2012

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Few species attract much more attention from the public and scientists than the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), a popular, enigmatic but highly endangered species. The application of molecular genetics to its biology and conservation has facilitated surprising insights into the biology of giant pandas as well as the effectiveness of conservation efforts during the past decades. Here, we review the history of genetic advances in this species, from phylogeny, demographical history, genetic variation, population structure, noninvasive population census and adaptive evolution to reveal to what extent the current status of the giant panda is a reflection of its evolutionary legacy, as opposed to the influence of anthropogenic factors that have negatively impacted this species. In addition, we summarize the conservation implications of these genetic findings applied for the management of this high-profile species. Finally, on the basis of these advances and predictable future changes in genetic technology, we discuss future research directions that seem promising for giant panda biology and conservation.

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Comparison of genetic characteristics between captive and wild giant pandas based on 13 mitochondrial coding genes

et al. 2022

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Microsatellite variability reveals high genetic diversity and low genetic differentiation in a critical giant panda population

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Determination of Baylisascaris schroederi Infection in Wild Giant Pandas by an Accurate and Sensitive PCR/CE-SSCP Method

Determination of Baylisascaris schroederi Infection in Wild Giant Pandas by an Accurate and Sensitive PCR/CE-SSCP Method

Black and white and read all over: the past, present and future of giant panda genetics

Comparison of genetic characteristics between captive and wild giant pandas based on 13 mitochondrial coding genes

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