Microscopic Characteristics, Chromatographic Profiles and Inhibition of Peroxidase Activity of the Leaves of <i>Manihot esculenta</i> and <i>Manihot glaziovii</i>, Consumed as Traditional Vegetables

Abstract

Methanolic extracts from the leaves of Manihot esculenta (Two cultivars) and Manihot glaziovii, consumed as traditional vegetables in DR. Congo was chemically characterized by Thin layer Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography. In vitro biochemical activities of extracts against Radical Oxidative Species (ROS) production were assessed in cellular models, on enzymes, Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) involved in inflammation. The microscopic analysis of the powder of leaves showed that each species displays specific and discriminating botanical microscopic features. Varieties of M. esculenta had a chemical fingerprint different from M. glaziovii. The majority of compounds were polyphenols, represented mainly by rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, amentoflavone, phenolic acids such as gallic acid. All extracts exhibited high cellular antioxidant activity in the range of 0.1 to 10 μg·mL −1 using lucigenin with neutrophils, but a moderate cellular antioxidant activity ranging between 10 and 100 μg·mL −1 with DCFDA on HL60 monocytes. Extracts from Manihot leaves showed a pronounced inhibitory effect on the production of extracellular ROS, on HRP and myeloperoxidase activity. Cellular antioxidant activities, the inhibitory effect on HRP of extracts from M. glaziovii, M. esculenta cultivar Mwambu were significantly higher, but their inhibitory effect on the activity of MPO was lower than those of M. esculenta cultivar TEM 419.

Identification of antinutritional, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of plants that cause livestock poisoning in Bojonegoro Regency, Indonesia

“…The high antioxidant activity of extracts of cassava peels and sweet potato leaves is in accordance with the results of research conducted by Lateef et al [22] and Zhang et al [65], who found that the two plant extracts showed high antiradical activity. However, the antioxidant abilities of cassava leaves, ceara rubber leaves, Chinese Albizia leaves, and lophatheri leaves, while still lower than the previous studies, were found to have high antioxidant activity [12,24,27,66]. Differences between the present study results and those reported in the literature can be due to variations in the concentration and type of solvent, extraction method, amount of total polyphenol and total flavonoid content, environmental factors, and treatment during plant growth [67][68][69][70].…”

“…Cassava has high antioxidant activity and can inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes [22,23]. Ceara rubber has high antioxidant activity [24], and sweet potato has high antioxidant activity and can inhibit the growth of Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus [8,25,26].…”