Microwave-Assisted Multicomponent Syntheses of Heterocyclic Phosphonates

Abstract

Organophosphorus compounds play an important role in the medicinal-or agricultural industry, and in the human body as well. Over the last years, heterocyclic phosphonates have received an intensively growing interest due to their potential biological activity. An efficient tool for the preparation of such derivatives is their synthesis via multicomponent reactions. These transformations possess several criteria of an "ideal synthesis", such as the high atom economy, the fast and simple accomplishment, the energy efficiency and the environmentally friendliness. A number of heterocyclic phosphonates were prepared by us utilizing multicomponent syntheses. In this proceeding, the synthesis of the diethyl (2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromen-4-yl)phosphonate by the condensation of salicylaldehyde, malononitrile and diethyl phosphite is briefly introduced. The reaction was optimized in respect of the catalyst type, the catalyst amount, the reaction time, and the temperature.

A Concise Review of Multicomponent Reactions Using Novel Heterogeneous Catalysts under Microwave Irradiation

“…The MI has tremendous applications in various chemistry research areas such as, heterogeneous catalytic reactions [46], solid state chemistry [47], different heterocyclic organic synthesis involving O, N, and S [48], nitrogen containing heterocycles [49], heterocyclic synthetic reactions [50], solvent free heterocyclic synthesis processes [51], colloidal inorganic nanocrystal synthesis [52], bioactive six membered heterocycles synthesis [53], five membered nitrogen heterocycles synthesis [54], Knoevenagel condensation [55], indoles synthesis [56], triazoloquinazolinones and benzimidazoquinazolinones synthesis [57], extraction of volatile compounds [58], oxazoles and diastereoselective oxazolines [59], synthesis of quinazolines and quinazolinones [60], polymer synthesis [61], ferrocenyl chalcone synthesis [62], arylidene acetophenones synthesis [63], photo oxidation of sulfoxides [64], potential biological compounds [65], organic nanoparticle synthesis [66], synthesis of amino-quinazoline derivatives [67], coumarin-purine derivatives [68], various ring opening polymerisation reactions [69], nucleoside protide analogues synthesis [70], organic trans-formations and synthesis [71], benzannulation reactions [72], heterocyclic phosphonate synthesis [73], azha heterocycle synthesis [74], one pot three component pyrazole synthesis [75], heterocyclic hydrazone synthesis [73], degradation reactions [76], heterogeneous catalysis [77,78], 1,2,3 triazolobenzodiazepinones synthesis [79], silica material synthesis…”

“…Catalysts 2023, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 4 of 21 oxidation of sulfoxides [64], potential biological compounds [65], organic nanoparticle synthesis [66], synthesis of amino-quinazoline derivatives [67], coumarin-purine derivatives [68], various ring opening polymerisation reactions [69], nucleoside protide analogues synthesis [70], organic transformations and synthesis [71], benzannulation reactions [72], heterocyclic phosphonate synthesis [73], azha heterocycle synthesis [74], one pot three component pyrazole synthesis [75], heterocyclic hydrazone synthesis [73], degradation reactions [76], heterogeneous catalysis [77,78], 1,2,3 triazolobenzodiazepinones synthesis [79], silica material synthesis [80], 2-aryl and 2,5-diarylthiophene derivatives preparation [81], decarboxylation of malonic acid derivatives [82], Pd-carbon catalysed reactions [83], and carbon supported-Co catalytic reactions [84].…”

One-Pot Phosphonylation of Heteroaromatic Lithium Reagents: The Scope and Limitations of Its Use for the Synthesis of Heteroaromatic Phosphonates

“…Finally, the formation of lithium derivatives or Grignard reagents using aryl halides as substrates may be also employed [ 2 , 6 , 7 ]. In the past decade, interesting methods of nontypical specific procedures for the synthesis of heteroaromatic phosphonates have been studied and elaborated [ 12 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”