Microwave-Assisted Synthesis in Water as Solvent

Dallinger, Doris; Kappe, C. Oliver

doi:10.1021/cr0509410

Cited by 1,048 publications

(436 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…[34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Some comprehensive reviews on microwaveassisted syntheses of nanomaterials have been published. 37,41 The mechanism associated with microwave effects in synthesis are not well understood, 38,42,43 and this is an open research field. In such cases, it is certain that quantum chemistry tools are extremely helpful in the rationalization and interpretation of reaction mechanisms at the atomic level, based on the characterization of key intermediates along the reaction pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc blende versus wurtzite ZnS nanoparticles: control of the phase and optical properties by tetrabutylammonium hydroxide

Porta

Andrés

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

113

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc blende versus wurtzite ZnS nanoparticles: control of the phase and optical properties by tetrabutylammonium hydroxide

Porta

Andrés

et al. 2014

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

113

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“…11,12 Recently, this technique was applied to the preparation of dodecanethiol (DDT) SAMs on polycrystalline gold surfaces, and the authors suggested that the DDT molecules formed closely packed SAMs with a high structural quality after MWI for 120 s. 13 It seems likely that MWI greatly accelerates the molecular self-assembly of alkanethiols on gold. However, there have been no reports describing the effect of MWI on the formation and structures of aromatic thiol SAMs on Au(111) to date.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Structural Quality of Aromatic Thiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111) by Microwave Irradiation

Park¹,

Kang²,

Ito³

et al. 2012

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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The physical and chemical properties of metal surfaces can be easily tailored by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which are formed by spontaneous adsorption of organic thiol compounds with various terminal functional groups and can be utilized for various practical applications in surface and materials sciences. [1][2][3][4][5][6] In particular, SAMs formed by aromatic thiols have drawn much interest since they can be applied to the fabrication of versatile electronic devices due to their electrical and optical properties.4,5 It was demonstrated that the adsorption configuration of aromatic thiol SAMs significantly affects the molecular electronic properties of devices.4,5 Therefore, a number of studies have been conducted to control the structural order and to obtain uniform surfaces for aromatic thiol derived SAMs.6-10 For instance, long-range ordered benzenethiol (BT) SAMs were obtained by displacement of pre-covered cyclohexanethiol SAMs of low molecular density with BT molecules. 10It has been demonstrated that the synthesis of organic compounds and nanomaterials can be considerably promoted using microwave irradiation (MWI) techniques, resulting in increased product yield and purity.11,12 Recently, this technique was applied to the preparation of dodecanethiol (DDT) SAMs on polycrystalline gold surfaces, and the authors suggested that the DDT molecules formed closely packed SAMs with a high structural quality after MWI for 120 s.13 It seems likely that MWI greatly accelerates the molecular self-assembly of alkanethiols on gold. However, there have been no reports describing the effect of MWI on the formation and structures of aromatic thiol SAMs on Au(111) to date. Therefore, to better understand these issues, we examined aromatic thiol SAMs, constructed from BT and biphenylthiol (BPT) on Au(111) by MWI, using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and compared their surface structures to SAMs prepared without MWI.BT and BPT SAMs were prepared by immersing the Au(111) substrate in a 0.5 mM ethanol solution of the corresponding thiol while irradiating in a microwave oven (700 W, weak intensity mode) for 30 min. We confirmed that microwave irradiation for 30 min raised the solution temperature to approximately 55 °C. Therefore, SAMs were also prepared by dipping the Au(111) substrate in thiol solution without MWI at 55 °C for 30 min or 24 h. To examine the effect of MWI on SAM formation, we directly compared the surface structures of SAMs prepared with and without MWI. STM measurements were performed using a NanoScope E (Veeco, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) and all STM images were obtained in constant current mode with a tunneling current of 300 pA and a bias voltage of 500 mV.STM images in Figure 1 clearly show that the ordered domain areas of BT SAMs (Figures 1(b)) prepared by MWI were significantly larger than those prepared without MWI (Figure 1(a)). It has been reported that the adsorption of BT molecules on gold under typical preparation conditions, i.e., 24 h immersion in 1 mM solution at room temperature, le...

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“…[15][16][17][18][19] It has become widely accepted that many classical reactions perform better under microwave irradiation than by conventional heating methods. [20][21][22][23][24] Microwave irradiation has been used to carry out a wide range of reactions in short times, with high yields and regioselectivity, and frequently without the need of solvents. 25 With the aim to tune up simple reaction methodologies, we have focused our strategy in the use of 4-aminopyrimidine-5-carbaldehydes as key precursors for the preparation of cited fused heterocyclic system (see Figure 2) because they have the appropriate spatial arrangement of atoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Easy synthesis of new series of pteridine analogs: di- and tetra-hydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidines via 5-pyrimidinecarbaldehydes

Torre¹,

Nogueras²,

Borkowski³

et al. 2014

Arkivoc

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Straightforward procedures allow a quick access to these compounds. The dihydro derivatives were prepared means of a final cyclocondensation carried out with orthoesters, catalysed by acid and assisted by microwaves irradiation under solvent free conditions. The final cyclocondensation with carbonyl compounds forming the tetrahydro derivatives was done under mild conditions, in which stereochemical induction was carried out on the building of this skeleton, and stereochemistry assignments corroborated by theoretical calculations.

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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis in Water as Solvent

Cited by 1,048 publications

References 180 publications

Zinc blende versus wurtzite ZnS nanoparticles: control of the phase and optical properties by tetrabutylammonium hydroxide

Zinc blende versus wurtzite ZnS nanoparticles: control of the phase and optical properties by tetrabutylammonium hydroxide

Improved Structural Quality of Aromatic Thiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Au(111) by Microwave Irradiation

Easy synthesis of new series of pteridine analogs: di- and tetra-hydropyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidines via 5-pyrimidinecarbaldehydes

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