Microwave source with enhanced radiation power based on orbitron MASERs

Abstract

We have proposed the design of high power microwave source in a vacuum tube based on the theory of negative mass instability. The proposed source does not operate based on a slow-wave structure but instead makes use of accelerated charged particles. In our structure, an electron emitter injects the charged particles into to the cavity. Emitted particles move around the anode, which leads to electron acceleration and emission of electromagnetic waves with a specific frequency. In this paper, we have enhanced the output power and frequency of microwave source by variation of particles initial energy and the number of anodes incorporating their specific arrangement and applied voltages. Working at room temperature, compactness, wide bandwidth, and tunability of output frequency are among the advantages of the proposed source. K: Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; single-particle dynamics); Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage rings -low energy (linear accelerators, cyclotrons, electrostatic accelerators) 1Corresponding author.

Inverse design of a high‐quality factor multi‐purpose optical biosensor

“…As a result, the Q factor can be considered a relation between the real and imaginary parts of the ϖ. In addition, by considering perturbation theory, if changes in RI are homogenous, the difference in RI of samples shifts the resonance frequencies, which can be seen in the following equation where the permeability is constant; Equation (2) is simplified as [20]: $$$\frac{\partial \omega (k)}{{\omega }_{res}}=-\frac{1}{W}\int \int \underset{V}{\int }\left(\frac{\delta \varepsilon }{\varepsilon }.We\right)dV=-\frac{1}{W}\int \int \underset{V}{\int }\left(\delta {\varepsilon }_{r}{\varepsilon }_{0}{\vert {E}_{res}\vert }^{2}\right)dV$$$ W e is the electric energy densit, W is the total energy stored in a cavity, E res is the original electric field, ɛ 0 represents the free space permittivity, ɛ r is the relative permittivity, and $$\partial \omega (k)$$ represents the resonance shift. As we know $$n=\sqrt{{\varepsilon }_{r}{\mu }_{r}}$$ , which n is RI and $$\frac{\partial \omega (k)}{{\omega }_{res}}$$ can be considered as [8]: $$$\frac{\partial \omega (k)}{{\omega }_{res}}=-\sigma \left(\frac{\delta n}{n}\right)$$$ …”

“…As a result, the Q factor can be considered a relation between the real and imaginary parts of the ϖ. In addition, by considering perturbation theory, if changes in RI are homogenous, the difference in RI of samples shifts the resonance frequencies, which can be seen in the following equation where the permeability is constant; Equation ( 2) is simplified as [20]:…”

“…Nowadays, a handful of PC sensors applications are under research, in which different sensor platforms such as microcavities, nanobeams, ring resonators, waveguides, and integrated devices are investigated [6,[8][9][10]. Some of these applications include super narrow filters [18], splitter [19,20], pressure sensors [21], all-optical gates [18], biosensors [22,23], and other kinds of applications. Different shapes of PC biosensors have been proposed during the last decade with various applications.…”

High-Speed Photonic Decoder Employing Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals

“…Due to the periodic nature of PCs, they exhibit PBGs in all directions, acting as ideal mirrors for incident light waves. This property holds potential applications in different fileds suchas lasers [2], filters [3,4], optical waveguides [5][6][7][8][9], optical fibers [10][11][12], all-optical logic gates [12][13][14][15][16], biosensors [17][18][19], splitters [20,21], imaging [22] and all-optical analog to digital converters [23,24]. Also, PCs photonic crystals have found a highly practical application in the field of all-optical logic gates, garnering substantial attention because of their versatility in various all-optical signal processing applications.…”