“…1,567 km 2 (Vieira, Horn Filho, Custodio Bonetti, & Bonetti, 2008), and is surrounded by dense subtropical forests, restinga vegetation and the largest mangrove ecosystem in southern Brazil (Gerhardinger et al, 2018;Knie, 2002;Vieira et al, 2008). Fish, in particular, were the prevailing source of dietary protein at several sites from the Middle to Late Holocene (Bastos, Lessa, Rodrigues-Carvalho, Tykot, & Santos, 2014;Pezo-Lanfranco et al, 2018). The shell mounds and middens in Babitonga Bay are associated with sedentary or semi-sedentary populations that exploited a variety of fish and shellfish in the context of daily food consumption and mortuary practices (e.g., funerary feasting) since at least 6,000 years ago, similar to other sites along the Brazilian coast (DeBlasis, Fish, Gaspar, & Fish, 1998;Gaspar, DeBlasis, Fish, & Fish, 2008;Souza et al, 2016;Wagner, Hilbert, Bandeira, Tenório, & Okumura, 2011).…”