Migration in Australia and New Zealand

Hugo, Graeme; Wall, Janet; Young, Margaret

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-7282-2_16

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These changes have occurred against a backdrop of continued urbanisation, with 89% of the Australian population living in cities and two‐thirds residing in capital cities along the coast (Hugo, Wall, & Young, 2016). Figure 4a,b reports net migration rates by region type, extending the analysis of Stillwell et al (2000) and Bell, Charles‐Edwards, et al (2018) to include estimates for the 2016 census.…”

Section: Internal Migration Intensity and Patterns 1981–2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in internal migration levels in Australia: Compositional or behavioural effect?

Kalemba

Bernard

Charles‐Edwards

et al. 2020

Population Space and Place

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Levels of internal migration have declined since the 1980s in many advanced economies. Australian studies remain largely descriptive, making it difficult to ascertain the extent to which the decline in aggregate levels of migration is due to shifts in the socio‐demographic composition of the Australian population or driven by deeper behavioural changes. This paper aims to address this gap by applying an Oaxaca‐Blinder decomposition method to individual‐level data from the 2001 and 2016 censuses. Our results confirm the strong impact of population ageing on the decline in migration although its effect has been fully counteracted by other compositional changes such as education and immigration. We find behavioural effects to be the principal factor explaining this downward trend. This finding points to a secular shift in migration behaviour and represents a starting point in developing a more comprehensive understanding of the factors underpinning the long‐term decline in internal migration in Australia.

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Section: Internal Migration Intensity and Patterns 1981–2016mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in internal migration levels in Australia: Compositional or behavioural effect?

Kalemba

Bernard

Charles‐Edwards

et al. 2020

Population Space and Place

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“…Australia as a country is one of the most sparsely populated in the world, but is highly urbanised with over 80% of people living along the coastline in an area roughly 3% of the country's landmass (Hugo, 2012). Australia has four hierarchical levels of statistical geography reflecting the location of people and communities: statistical areas level 1 (SA1s), nested within statistical areas level 2 (SA2s), nested within statistical areas level 3 (SA3s), which are nested within statistical areas level 4 (SA4s).…”

Section: Estimating Smoking Prevalence In Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily smoking prevalence for small domains in Australia

Das

Baffour

Cramb

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Small area statistics on health outcomes like daily smoking prevalence are vital for measuring community progress towards healthy lifestyles. Due to sparse data and remoteness in Australia, the National Health Survey is insufficient to estimate at the disaggregated statistical areas (SA) in Australia, even sometimes at the sub-national level. This study estimates daily smoking prevalence for Australian adults at various sub-national levels comprising 8 States and Territories, 88 Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4s), and 334 Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3s) by extending widely used area-level models developed at the detailed SA3 level as a form of hierarchical Bayesian model and fitted by Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation. Detailed level direct estimates with their smoothed standard errors from the 2017-18 National Health Survey are used as model inputs. Area-level models accounting for the detailed level structured (spatial) and unstructured (non-spatial) random effects provide slightly higher bias and lower coverage at the disaggregated SA4 level. An extension of area-level models by including intermediate (SA4) level non-spatial random effects is proposed to improve the unbiasedness and coverage of the model-based estimators at higher aggregation levels and is found to be suitable for the Australian smoking prevalence data through examination of model performance statistics.

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“…However, in the period since, international student intakes have expanded significantly. The number of international student visas granted increased over 17-fold, from around 20,000 in 1986–1987 to 354,594 in 2018–2019, including 189,477 to university students (Department of Home Affairs, 2019a; Hugo, 2004). Several factors have contributed to this increase, including the abovementioned pathways created through various policy changes between the late 1990s and late 2000s that made it easier for students to gain temporary work visas (such as the Temporary Graduate 485 visa) and apply for permanent residency after the completion of their studies (Gregory, 2015).…”

Section: The Treatment Of Migrant Workers Since 1996mentioning

confidence: 99%

A guest-worker state? The declining power and agency of migrant labour in Australia

Wright

Clibborn

2020

The Economic and Labour Relations Review

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This article presents an historical and comparative analysis of the bargaining power and agency conferred upon migrant workers in Australia under distinct policy regimes. Through an assessment of four criteria – residency status, mobility, skill thresholds and institutional protections – we find that migrant workers arriving in Australia in the period from 1973 to 1996 had high levels of bargaining power and agency. Since 1996, migrant workers’ power and agency has been incrementally curtailed, to the extent that Australia’s labour immigration policy resembles a guest-worker regime where migrants’ rights are restricted, their capacity to bargain for decent working conditions with their employers is truncated and their agency to pursue opportunities available to citizens and permanent residents is diminished. In contrast to recent assessments that Australia’s temporary visa system is working effectively, our analysis indicates that it is failing to protect temporary migrants at work. JEL Codes: J24, J61, J83

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Migration in Australia and New Zealand

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Decline in internal migration levels in Australia: Compositional or behavioural effect?

Decline in internal migration levels in Australia: Compositional or behavioural effect?

Daily smoking prevalence for small domains in Australia

A guest-worker state? The declining power and agency of migrant labour in Australia

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