Migration sources and pathways of the pest species Sogatella furcifera in Yunnan, China, and across the border inferred from DNA and wind analyses

Abstract

The migration sources and pathways of Sogatella furcifera (Horváth) in topologically complex regions like Yunnan, China, and adjacent montane areas have long been a challenging task and a bottleneck in effective pest forecast and control. The present research reinvestigated this issue using a combination of mtDNA and long‐term historical wind field data in an attempt to provide new insights. Genetic analyses showed that the 60 populations of S. furcufera collected across Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Yunnan, Guizhou, and Sichuan lack genetic structure and geographic isolation, while spatial analysis of haplotype and diversity indices discovered geographic relevance between populations. Migration rate analysis combined with high‐resolution 10‐year wind field analysis detected the following migration sources, pathways, and impacted areas which could explain the outbreak pattern in Yunnan. (a) Dominating stepwise northward migrations originated from northern Indochina, southern Yunnan, and central‐eastern Yunnan, impacting their northern areas. (b) Concurring summer–autumn southward (return) migration originated from nearly all latitude belts of Sichuan and Yunnan mainly impacting central and southern Yunnan. (c) Regular eastward and summer–autumn westward migrations across Yunnan. The northward migration reflects the temporal rhythm of gradual outbreaks from the south to the north in a year, while the return migration may explain the repeated or very severe outbreaks in the impacted areas. To form a better pest forecast and control network, attention must also be paid to the northern part of Yunnan to suppress the impact of return migration in summers and autumns.

The Spread of Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Was Not Caused by Biological Changes in Vector Sogatella furcifera

“…Our finding that SRBSDV acquired S. furcifera as a novel vector without any biological changes related to the transmission of the virus indicates the importance of vector management to prevent further expansion of SRBSDV infection. Modeling approaches to predict the long-distance migration of S. furcifera from weather conditions [ 5 , 41 ] and to evaluate the risk of virus expansion from the vector density and virus acquisition rate [ 42 ] are important for decision-making concerning insecticide application. In addition, the immediate detection of SRBSDV-infected rice in the field by using RT-PCR [ 1 ], RT-qPCR [ 28 ], and ELISA [ 43 ], and the breeding of SRBSDV-resistant rice [ 44 ] will contribute to better preventive control of this viral disease in Asian rice cropping systems.…”

Effect of the Asian monsoon on the northward migration of the brown planthopper to northern South China

“…Hence, there are numerous possible flight paths when the BPH migrates into NSC. There are some studies that focus on the migration cycle of BPH (or other rice planthoppers) from the ICP to South China (Bao et al, 2018(Bao et al, , 2019Hu et al, 2017Hu et al, , 2020Otuka et al, 2008;Qi et al, 2011;Tang & Bao, 2015;Wu et al, 2019), yet limited and rudimentary studies discuss the effect of Asian monsoon in this migration with such confusing and complex impact mechanisms (Bao et al, 2013).…”