Millimeter-scale semiconductive metal-organic framework single crystal for X-ray imaging

Cheng, Liwei; Liang, Chengyu; Li, Baoyu; Qin, Haoming; Mi, Pinhong; Chen, Bin; Yan, Yizhou; Dai, Xing; Zhang, Chao; Wang, Yanlong; Wang, Yaxing; Wang, Shuao

doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2022.101004

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…To our best knowledge, this represents the largest single crystal of molecular clusters reported up to date. [ 16 ] The crystallinity and purity of the bulky samples were examined by powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), showing that both Th‐pba‐2D and Th‐pba‐0D can be obtained as pure phases (Figures S1 and S2, Supporting Information). The element analyses were performed on single crystals of Th‐pba‐2D and Th‐pba‐0D by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS) as shown in Figure S3 (Supporting Information).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepwise Crystallization of Millimeter Scale Thorium Cluster Single Crystals as a Bifunctional Platform for X‐ray Detection and Shielding

Zheng

Hou

et al. 2022

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application necessitating specific detection and efficient shielding of X-ray. [1] In general, radiation detection and radiation shielding are cataloged as two different disciplines. [2] The former focused on directly or indirectly converting invisible ionizing radiation into readable signals by ionization chambers, semiconductor detectors, scintillation counters, and so on. [3] For the latter field, high mass elements (Z) including Pb, W, and Bi, etc., are utilized to attenuate X-ray radiation, since the shielding efficacy is dependent on Z-value and density of the absorbing materials. [4] The bonding between these two areas appears to be weak at first glance. However, high Z-value elements are often preferred as well for building X-ray scintillators and semiconductor detectors, which renders constructing a dual-module platform of radiation detection and shielding plausible. [5] However, developing this type of proof-of-concept materials has not been documented and a single material integrating both functions remained elusive.Radiochromic organic-inorganic hybrids represent a relatively new type of material with the potential to be a dualmodule platform for radiation detection and shielding. [6] As one of the most sensible detection technologies, radiochromic materials turn colors upon being irradiated, which allows for straightforward detection of X-ray radiation in a visible manner. [7] Furthermore, the fine control over the metal cations and organic ligands in organic-inorganic hybrids offers a large set of synthetically accessible combinations in terms of composition and arrangement, an attribute that is absent in purely inorganic or organic materials. [8] Indeed, scintillating and semiconductive organic-inorganic hybrids with high X-ray sensitivity have emerged as new classes of radiation detectors. [9] Moreover, radiochromism has been realized in organic-inorganic hybrids by incorporating photochromic ligands and metal cations or clusters. [6,10] However, only a handful of these types of materials have been reported and their attenuation efficiencies of ionizing radiation remain underexplored. [6,10a,11] Our group has been recently focused on developing new synthetic strategies to access thorium-based crystalline materials for their promising applications in radiological fields. [12] As the second heaviest naturally occurring element, thorium can serve Monitoring and shielding of X-ray radiation are of paramount importance across diverse fields. However, they are frequently realized in separate protocols and a single material integrating both functions remained elusive. Herein, a hexanuclear cluster [Th 6 (µ 3 -OH) 4 (µ 3 -O) 4 (H 2 O) 6 ](pba) 6 (HCOO) 6 (Th-pba-0D) incorporating high-Z thorium cations and 3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzoate ligands that can function as a brand-new dual-module platform for visible detection and efficient shielding of ionizing radiation is demonstrated. Th-pba-0D exhibits rather unique reversible radiochromism upon alternating X-ray and UV irradiation. Moreover, the millimet...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stepwise Crystallization of Millimeter Scale Thorium Cluster Single Crystals as a Bifunctional Platform for X‐ray Detection and Shielding

Zheng

Hou

et al. 2022

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“…Such flexible detectors also can be conformed onto the surface of nonflat objects, which will meet wearable device applications or even give rise to new systems and equipment. A large number of direct conversion flexible X-ray detector materials have been reported, such as amorphous selenium (a-Se), , amorphous gallium oxide (a-Ga 2 O 3 ), organic semiconductors, − metal organic perovskite, , and lead-free halide perovskite, ,,, showing acceptable detection performance and flexibility, which is expected to provide support for innovative systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Etched Array-Patterned Lead Oxide Polycrystalline Thin Film for Direct Conversion Flexible X-ray Detector Application

Sun,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Lead oxide (PbO) stands out as a highly promising material for direct conversion X-ray detectors owing to its high atomic number of lead (Pb) atoms and significant theoretical photon-to-charge conversion gain. In this work, a kind of flexible X-ray detector utilizing PbO polycrystalline thin films was successfully fabricated through a combination of electron beam evaporation and laser etching array-patterned techniques. The resulting films exhibited an orthorhombic crystal structure and a polycrystalline nature. The array-patterned films offer the advantage of providing cross-talk-free charge signals while also maintaining flexibility and stability. This is achieved by allowing the stress generated during the bending process to be released at the edge of each array, thereby preventing stress accumulation and minimizing the occurrence of cracks in the active region. These devices exhibit extremely low dark current of about 3.4 pA and remarkable photocurrent up to 200 pA under X-ray exposure, as well as the X-ray detection sensitivity of 3.39 × 10 3 μC•Gy −1 cm −2 and signal-to-noise ratio of 204. The acceptable dark current, photocurrent, signal-to-noise ratio, sensitivity, and transient lag behavior were used to assess the flexibility, stability, and uniformity of the devices. The obtained results collectively indicate that PbO thin films have the potential to be used as X-ray-detection materials for flexible applications.

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“…In contrast, the photoconductivity was not observed for uranyl nitrate (Figure S8). This comparison further suggested that the functionality of uranyl-containing compounds is strongly associated with electronic structure changes . Then, the photocurrent of the sample was measured at various bias voltages, as depicted in Figure b.…”

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confidence: 99%

Semiconductive Behavior and Photoconductivity of Uranyl Dithiophosphinate Single Crystal

Wang,

Yang,

Yin

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem.

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Herein, we detail the synthesis, structure, and photoconductivity of the uranyl dithiophosphinate single crystal UO2[S2P(C6H5)2]2(CH3OH)·CH3OH (denoted as U-DPDPP). The formation of bonds between uranyl ions and sulfur-based ligands endows U-DPDPP with a distinct electronic absorption property with a broadband spectrum spanning from 250 to 550 nm, giving rise to a unique semiconductive property. Under X-ray illumination, U-DPDPP displays a distinctive photoconductivity response, with a charge carrier mobility lifetime (μτ) of 2.78 × 10–4 cm2·V–1 achieved, which contradicts the electronic-silence behavior of uranyl nitrate crystal.

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Millimeter-scale semiconductive metal-organic framework single crystal for X-ray imaging

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Stepwise Crystallization of Millimeter Scale Thorium Cluster Single Crystals as a Bifunctional Platform for X‐ray Detection and Shielding

Stepwise Crystallization of Millimeter Scale Thorium Cluster Single Crystals as a Bifunctional Platform for X‐ray Detection and Shielding

Laser-Etched Array-Patterned Lead Oxide Polycrystalline Thin Film for Direct Conversion Flexible X-ray Detector Application

Semiconductive Behavior and Photoconductivity of Uranyl Dithiophosphinate Single Crystal

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