This paper presents a miniaturized 10/24-GHz rat-race coupler using synthetic transmission lines on a glass substrate. Compared to a standard CMOS process, the proposed CMOS-compatible glass substrate features lower substrate losses and thicker metal layers. The area-consuming transmission line layouts are implemented by the meandered synthetic transmission lines with high slow-wave factors and low losses. The coupler based on the synthetic TLs is designed, fabricated, and verified. Good agreement between the simulation and measurement is also observed. The chip size is merely 2.5 × 2.2 mm 2 which is comparable to on-chip levels. Keywords: rat-race coupler, transmission line, characteristic impedance slow-wave factor, glass substrate Classification: Microwave and millimeter wave devices, circuits, and systems "Millimeter-wave CMOS design," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 144-155, Jan. 2005. [5] S. Sun, J. Shi, L. Zhu, S. C. Rustagi, and K. Mouthaan, "Millimeter-wave bandpass filters by standard 0.18-μm CMOS technology," IEEE Electron Device Lett., vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 220-222, March 2007. [6] C. C. Chen and C. K. C. Tzuang, "Synthetic quasi-TEM meandered transmission lines for compacted microwave integrated circuits," IEEE Trans.
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