Mindfulness and Suicide Ideation in Iranian Cardiovascular Patients: Testing the Mediating Role of Patience

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to explore the mediating role of patience on the relationship between mindfulness and suicide ideation. To do so, 110 patients with cardiovascular diseases were recruited from the outpatient Clinic of Imam Reza in the city of Shiraz in Iran. These patients completed The Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, Patience Scale, and Suicide Ideation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between mindfulness and patience ( r = .32, p < .001). There was a significant negative relationship between patience and suicide ideation ( r = -.36, p < .001). The results of mediating model showed that patience functioned as a mediator in the relationship between mindfulness and suicide ideation among patients with cardiovascular diseases ( β = -.33, p = .005). According to these findings, it can be claimed that mindfulness affects patients' suicidal thoughts negatively through patience.

Gratitude and patience moderate meaning struggles and suicidal risk in a cross‐sectional study of inpatients at a Christian psychiatric hospital

“…Compared to gratitude, fewer studies have examined the relation between patience and suicide risk, with only one study examining the relation directly. Hashemi et al (2018) found patience negatively correlated with concurrent suicidal ideation among Iranian cardiovascular patients, who tend to have heightened suicide risk. Beyond this, research among psychiatric inpatients is illuminating.…”

“…However, there is some evidence that these findings might persist in less or differently religious settings and across diverse cultures and ethnicities given the persistent association between gratitude and suicide risk in samples outside the United States (Jung & Han, 2017;Lau & Cheng, 2017;Li et al, 2012;Lin, 2015;Ng & Wong, 2012;Rey et al, 2019;Varaee et al, 2019). Though far less numerous, international studies on patience also suggest the moderation by life hardships patience replicate across cultures (Hashemi et al, 2018;Valikhani et al, 2017). Only one relevant study on patience has been conducted in a primarily secular context (Wang et al, 2019), and it did not assess suicide risk or mental health symptoms.…”

“…Extant studies have only examined the buffering effects of gratitude and patience on minimally or moderately distressed populations, such as community samples of adolescents (Li et al, 2012;Rey et al, 2019), college students (Kleiman et al, 2013a(Kleiman et al, , 2013b, or cardiovascular outpatients (Hashemi et al, 2018); researchers have not examined the protective effects of gratitude and patience for meaning struggles among participants experiencing acute and/or severe mental illness. Previous theory and research suggest protective factors are most valuable in the presence of risk factors (Kraemer et al, 2001), so gratitude and patience may be more salient during acute distress.…”

Dual pathways from religiousness to the virtue of patience versus anxiety among elite athletes.

“…Likewise, research shows patience is an important predictor of both eudaimonic and hedonic well-being (Schnitker, 2012; Schnitker, Ro, et al, 2019; Thomas & Schnitker, 2017), and multiple previous studies have demonstrated connections between patience and religiousness (e.g., Schnitker & Emmons, 2007; Schnitker et al, 2017). Scientists from nonwestern cultures include elements of transcendence in the operationalization of patience (Hashemi, Moustafa, Rahmati Kankat, Valikhani, 2018; Khormaei, Farmani, & Soltani, 2015; Valikhani, Moustafa, & Karimi, 2017). 1…”

Homeschooling Implementation: Indonesian Parents' Experience During The COVID-19 Pandemic

“…Patience is defined as the ability to remain calm during times of difficulty, frustration, or suffering (Schnitker, 2012). The importance of patience has also been proven by various previous studies, including creating well-being (Chakhssi et al, 2018), reduce depression (Heslin, Elixhauser, & Steiner, 2012), fortification against suicidal ideation (Hashemi et al 2018). Likewise, the coping strategy developed for children is to pay in instalments to complete school assignments, not accumulate and tell stories with the family about the problems.…”