Minimum Alveolar Concentration–Awake of Xenon Alone and in Combination with Isoflurane or Sevoflurane

Abstract

The MAC-awake of xenon is 33% or 0.46 times its MAC. In terms of the MAC-fraction, this is smaller than that for N2O but greater than those for isoflurane and sevoflurane. Unlike N2O, xenon interacts additively with isoflurane and sevoflurane on MAC-awake.

Xenônio: farmacologia e uso clínico

“…As opposed to other anesthetics, xenon has minor effects on the GABA A receptor and, similar to ketamine, is a potent NMDA receptor inhibitor 9 . Xenon interaction with isoflurane or sevoflurane is additive when measured by MAC-awaken, in contrast to N 2 O which has an infra-additive effect 10 . Similar to other anesthetic agents, there is an interspecies MAC variation 11 .…”

“…Ao contrário de outros anestésicos, o xenônio tem efeito mínimo no receptor GABA-A e, semelhantemente a cetamina, é um potente inibidor do receptor NMDA 9 . A interação do xenônio com o isoflurano ou com o sevoflurano é aditiva, quando medida pela CAM acordado, em contraste com a do N 2 O, que apresenta um efeito infra-aditivo 10 . Semelhante aos demais agentes anestésicos, existe variação da CAM inter-espécies 11 .…”

Is there a future for xenon anesthesia?

“…In addition, unlike other analgesics, xenon is a potent hypnotic. 19,20 The unique combination of analgesia, hypnosis, and lack of hemodynamic depression in one agent would make xenon a very attractive choice for patients with limited cardiovascular reserve and may compensate for its high cost. This prediction is worth being tested by sufficiently large clinical trials.…”

“…De plus, contrairement à d'autres analgésiques, le xénon est un puissant hypnotique. 19,20 La combinaison unique de ces effets analgésique, hypnotique et sans effet dépresseur myocardique en un seul agent en fait un choix très attrayant pour les patients dont la réserve cardio-vasculaire est limitée. Ces caractéristiques pourraient aussi compenser son coût élevé.…”

Le xénon ne réduit pas les besoins d’opioïdes en chirurgie orthopédique

“…9 Assuming the two agents are additive, we considered 70% N 2 O plus 2 volume % desflurane as MAC-equivalent to 70% xenon. 10 Because the MAC-awake of xenon is 33%, 7 we considered 70% xenon sufficiently hypnotic.…”