Minor Sources Of Air Pollutant Emissions

Marchesani, Vincent J.; Towers, T.D.; Wohlers, Henry C.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1970.10469369

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In addition to the combustion emissions related to transportation, there are additional emissions of PAHs due to abrasion of rubber tires, asphalt road surfaces, and brake linings (Marchesani et al, 1970;Rogge et al, 1993d;Boulter, 2005). The magnitude of these emissions is hard to quantify.…”

Section: Mobile Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Source attribution, emission factors and regulation

Ravindra

Sokhi

Grieken

2008

Atmospheric Environment

2,207

1,115

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Original article can be found at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/13522310 Copyright Elsevier Ltd. DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.12.010There is an increasing concern about the occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment as they are ubiquitous in ambient air and some of them are among the strongest known carcinogens. PAHs and their derivatives are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic material arising, partly, from natural combustion such as forest and volcanic eruption, but with the majority due to anthropogenic emissions. The PAH concentration varies significantly in various rural and urban environments and is mainly influenced by vehicular and domestic emissions. The review serves as a database to identify and characterize the emission sources of PAHs and hence various approaches including diagnostic ratio (DR) and principal component analysis (PCA) are discussed in detail. These approaches allow individual PAHs to be associated with their origin sources. The factors that effect PAH emission and estimated emission rate are also discussed in this paper. Although the levels of low molecular weight PAHs are high in vapor phase, most of the probable human carcinogenic PAHs are found to be associated with particulate matter, especially in fine mode particles in ambient air. Many countries have proposed a non-mandatory concentration limit for PAHs, whereas the health risk studies conducted in relation to PAH exposure, urge that these pollutants should be given a high priority when considering air quality management and reduction of impacts. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

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Section: Mobile Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Source attribution, emission factors and regulation

Ravindra

Sokhi

Grieken

2008

Atmospheric Environment

2,207

1,115

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“…These nitrates eventually decompose and result in the production of NOE again. The rate of NO2 production by nitrate decomposition in soils is 2 x 10 -4 g NO 2 m -2 h -~ (Marchesani et al, 1970;Makarov, 1970, as cited in Bohn, 1972. This NO2 production rate is dependent upon the nitrate content of the soil and does not proceed during darkness.…”

Section: Removal Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Global emissions and natural processes for removal of gaseous pollutants

Rasmussen

Mohebbi

Kabel

1975

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Abstract. This review briefly illustrates the state of the art in the recognition of the various sources and natural sinks of gaseous pollutants. The removal mechanisms include absorption by vegetation, soil, stone, and water bodies, precipitation scavenging, and chemical reactions within the atmosphere. The nature and magnitude of anthropogenic and natural emissions of the gases (H2S, SO2, N20, NO, NO2, NH3, CO, 08, and hydrocarbons), along with their ambient background concentrations and information on their major sinks identified to date, are discussed. IntroductionThe recent interest in air pollution modeling is based on its potential value in nearly all practical problems involving quantitative consideration of air quality relative to the source location and emission rates. These include the forecasting of undesirable levels of pollution, abatement strategies, long range air resource management programs and urban planning.While considerable effort has been devoted to characterizing emissions from anthropogenic sources and their turbulent transport and convection, very little has been done to determine the extent of emission from natural sources and to characterize the processes that clean the atmosphere. Therefore, for a more realistic air pollution model, it is necessary to quantify natural emissions and removal mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to provide quantitative information on source and removal mechanisms so that a realistic air pollution model can be constructed.Pollutants may be emitted to the atmosphere from many diffuse natural and anthropogenic sources. The natural sources of many gases as shown in Table I far exceed the anthropogenic sources on a global basis. However, because such gases are usually well distributed throughout the atmosphere their concentration, known as the background concentration, is extremely low. Anthropogenic sources of many pollutants are cen-* All associated with

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“…58 The hydrocarbon composition is often investigated to determine the source of pollution. 59 Such source reconciliation of hydrocarbons has been highly refined and continues to be studied. 60 The importance of organic material in aerosols has been reviewed, 61 With the introduction of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry systems, 62 ' 63 it became possible to identify many of the trace pollutants in the atmosphere and to begin to investigate not only the compounds themselves, but also the various reaction products of known complex systems.…”

Section: Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%