Mitigating Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Feng, Xuning; Ren, Dongsheng; He, Xiangming; Ouyang, Minggao

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2020.02.010

Cited by 936 publications

(438 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Most of the thermal runaway is triggered by the reaction derived from electrodes. [ 6 ] The decomposition of cathode materials releases heat and oxygen and will trigger the combustion of flammable organic electrolytes. However, the high‐energy cathode is essential for an energy‐dense battery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the Scale‐Up of Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries: The Gaps between Lab‐Level Cells and Practical Large‐Format Batteries

Zhao

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

125

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In addition, LIBs still suffer from high cost, limited durability, and poor safety. [3] As a consequence, an alternative rechargeable battery system is crucial to cope with the growing demands of electric vehicles. [4] The prior demand for a power battery is security. The conventional power batteries suffered from frequent combustion accidents. The ascending voltage of cathodes will lead to stability concerns. Most of the thermal runaway is triggered by the reaction derived from electrodes. [6] The decomposition of cathode materials releases heat and oxygen and will trigger the combustion of flammable organic electrolytes. However, the high-energy cathode is essential for an energy-dense battery. Hence the substitution of conventional organic electrolytes is feasible to both enhance the energy density and battery safety. [5,7] The replacement of organic liquid electrolytes (OLEs) with solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) provides a promising future for the large-scale application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). SSEs with wide electrochemical stability windows and high modulus possess the potential to enable high-capacity electrode materials and prevent Li dendritic deposition. [8] Besides, the SSEs also possess good thermal stability, which enables a wide operation temperature range and avoid the combustion risk. The introduction of SSEs allows a simplified battery design and minimization of inactive materials, consequently increasing energy density at the cell-level. Moreover, the solid-state electrolytes enable the employment of Li metal anodes, which is considered as the most promising anode for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to its ultrahigh theoretical specific capacity of 3860 mAh g −1 and lowest negative electrochemical potential (−3.04 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode). [9] In conventional organic electrolytes, lithium metal suffers from the unstable solid-state interphase, dendrite penetration, and pulverization issues. [1c,10] The rapid deterioration of LMBs is attributed to the high reactivity of lithium metal. [11] Virtually most conventional OLEs can be reduced at the Li surface, forming unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). During repeated charge-discharge cycles, Li tends to generate dendritic morphology because of nonuniform current/ion distribution. [12] Lithium dendrites normally lead to the fracture and regeneration of SEI, further aggravating the dendrite growth. [12a,13] The The scale-up process of solid-state lithium metal batteries is of great importance in the context of improving the safety and energy density of battery systems. Replacing the conventional organic liquid electrolytes (OLEs) with solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) opens a new path for addressing increasing energy demands. Advanced approaches have been validated in lab-scale cells, but only a few successful results can be applied on the practical scale. Herein, the battery systems enabled by SSEs are briefly reviewed and the difficulties and challenges for both lab-level cells and large-scale batteries from...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the Scale‐Up of Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries: The Gaps between Lab‐Level Cells and Practical Large‐Format Batteries

Zhao

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

125

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“…A recent study reveals that another abuse condition should be considered where the batteries are working above their capability (e.g., extreme fast or slow charging, ultrahigh operation temperature). [ 2 ] This is known as electrochemical abuse ( Figure 6 a). It occurs when the electrochemical device is forced to function beyond its capacity in electrochemical power outputs.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) Schematic of connection between the various abuse conditions for a battery TR and (b) the reactions and mitigation strategies of a battery TR during the abuse conditions at material, cell, pack, module, and vehicle levels (E, electrical abuse; M, mechanical abuse; TH, thermal abuse). [ 2 ] Reproduced with permission. [ 2 ] Copyright 2020, Elsevier.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Trmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solid Electrolytes for High‐Temperature Stable Batteries and Supercapacitors

Kumaravel

Bartlett

Pillai

2020

Advanced Energy Materials

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Reports of recent fire accidents in the electronics and electric vehicles (EVs) industries show that thermal runaway (TR) reactions are a key consideration for the industry. Utilization of solid electrolytes (SEs) could be an important solution in to the TR issues connected to exothermic electrochemical reactions. Data on the thermal stability of modern SEs, ionic transport mechanisms, kinetics, thermal models, recent advances, challenges, and future prospects are presented in this review. Ceramic polymer nanocomposites are the most appropriate SEs for high‐temperature stable batteries (in the range of 80–200 °C). Hydrogels and ionogels can be employed as stable, flexible, and mechanically durable SEs for antifreeze (up to –50 °C) and high‐temperature (up to 200 °C) applications in supercapacitors. Besides the thermal safety features, SEs can also prolong the lifecycle of energy storage devices in next‐generation EVs, space devices, aviation gadgets, defense tools, and mobile electronics.

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“…Conventionally, the thermal runaway mechanism of LIBs is demonstrated to be associated with a series of exothermic chain reactions, including decomposition of solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, anode/electrolyte reactions, self-decomposition of electrolyte, and cathode/electrolyte reactions, etc. [21][22][23][24][25] However, very recently, Prof. M. Ouyang et al revealed that the oxygen released from nickel-manganesecobalt (NMC) cathode will be consumed by the lithiated anode with great heat generation, triggering the thermal runaway of LIBs. 10 Differently, by analyzing the released gas, N. E. Galushkin et al propose that the powerful exothermic reaction from recombination of atomic hydrogen accumulated at anode graphite will contribute to the initiation of thermal runaway of LIBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering hydrogen anion triggered thermal runaway mechanism of a high-energy LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite pouch cell

Huang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The continuous energy density increase of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) inevitably accompanies with the rising of safety concerns. Here, the thermal characteristics of a high-energy 5 Ah LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite pouch cell using a thermally stable dual-salt electrolyte were analyzed. Heat determination during cycling at two boundary scenarios of adiabatic and isothermal environment clearly states the necessity of designing an efficient and smart battery thermal management system. More importantly, it is innovatively proposed that the hydrogen anion (H−) induced H2 releasing at anode side and H2 migration to cathode side is the rooted thermal runaway trigger of the pouch cell, while the phase transformation of lithiated graphite anode and the O2-releasing by delithiated cathode are just accelerating factors for thermal runaway. These findings will shed promising lights on thermal runaway route map depiction and thermal runaway prevention, as well as formulation of electrolyte for high energy safer LIBs.

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Mitigating Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Cited by 936 publications

References 76 publications

Toward the Scale‐Up of Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries: The Gaps between Lab‐Level Cells and Practical Large‐Format Batteries

Toward the Scale‐Up of Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries: The Gaps between Lab‐Level Cells and Practical Large‐Format Batteries

Solid Electrolytes for High‐Temperature Stable Batteries and Supercapacitors

Uncovering hydrogen anion triggered thermal runaway mechanism of a high-energy LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/graphite pouch cell

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