Mitochondrial diversity and genetic structure in allopatric populations of the Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru

Abstract

Analizamos la diversidad genética y la estructura de tres poblaciones alopátricas del huachinango del Pacífico Lutjanus peru (Nichols y Murphy, 1922) mediante análisis de fragmentos de restricción de toda la región de control mitocondrial (1350 pb). Encontramos altos niveles de diversidad haplotípica (h = 0.966) y nucleotídica (π = 3.23%) en los 100 organismos analizados provenientes de las costas de Baja California Sur, Sinaloa y Jalisco (México). La mayor fracción de la variabilidad fue detectada con sólo una de las cinco enzimas de restricción utilizadas (MseI). El análisis de heterogeneidad de las frecuencias haplotípicas no fue significativo (χ 2 = 125.1, P > 0.25); los valores de los índices de fijación de Wright (F ST = 0.0062, P = 0.140) y su análogo molecular (Φ ST = 0.0194, P = 0.056) tampoco lo fueron. Un análisis de variancia molecular (AMOVA) corroboró la ausencia de diferenciación entre poblaciones peninsulares y continentales, aunque arrojó un Φ ST marginalmente significativo (Φ ST = 0.0116, P = 0.048). No se detectó ningún patrón filogeográfico en un árbol génico reconstruido por Neighbor-Joining. Argumentamos que los altos niveles de diversidad genética molecular son consistentes con la existencia de un tamaño poblacional importante, mientras que la ausencia de estructura genética en el extremo norte de distribución de la especie sugiere la acción de mecanismos pasivos de transporte larvario entre poblaciones alopátricas, aunque la migración activa de organismos adultos no puede ser descartada del todo.

Anisotropic larval connectivity and metapopulation structure driven by directional oceanic currents in a marine fish targeted by small-scale fisheries

“…Three main population genetic scenarios or models have been proposed to explain how populations of marine organisms with a planktonic larval stage are structured, and each model is associated with characteristic patterns of genetic differentiation present between sites. The first model is based on the frequent observation that marine species show very low levels or a complete absence of population structure, indicative of panmixia over large geographical scales (Rocha-Olivares and Sandoval-Castillo 2003;Hedgecock et al 2007). This pattern has been interpreted as the result of extensive larval dispersal and low genetic drift associated with large effective population sizes (Hedgecock et al 2007).…”

“…The Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru (Nichols and Murphy 1922) is a demersal fish species abundant near the coast in waters up to 91 m depth, associated with rock and coral reefs, and distributed from California US to Peru (Rocha-Olivares and Sandoval-Castillo 2003). The species is one of the most important commercial marine fishes both in terms of value and total catch for small-scale fisheries in the Pacific coast of Mexico (Zarate-Becerra et al 2014), including the Gulf of California (GC) (Diaz-Uribe et al 2004).…”

Population genetic structure of annual and perennial populations ofZostera marinaL. along the Pacific coast of Baja California and the Gulf of California

“…Under a coalescence approach the migration rates ( Nm ) estimated among populations in the Gulf of California showed no dominant cyclonic or anticyclonic polarity among populations; this supports the hypothesis of high levels of gene flow at the local as well as subregional scale. Similarly, populations of the Pacific red snapper ( Lutjanus peru ) within Gulf of California showed no significant partitioning of variance between continental and peninsular populations (Rocha‐Olivares & Sandoval‐Castillo 2003). Migratory waterfowl may also be responsible for effective gene flow through seed dispersal within Gulf of California.…”

Characterization of 32 microsatellite loci for the Pacific red snapper, Lutjanus peru, through next generation sequencing

“…In recent years molecular data has been increasingly used to guide marine spatial planning taking into account levels of genetic diversity and structure within species and used as a proxy to estimate the strength and direction of connectivity among populations, including selfrecruitment [6]. Despite of the fishery importance of L. peru few genetic resources are currently available for the species [3,7].…”

“…Pacific red snapper is a demersal species abundant near the coast in waters < 90 m deep, associated to rock and coral reefs, and distributed from California US to Peru [3]. In 2010, 4,578 tons of L.…”