Mitochondrial DNA coding region sequences support the phylogenetic distinction of two Indian wolf species

Abstract

Two small endangered populations of Indian wolves were recently shown to be distant from other wolf and dog mtDNA lineages characterized so far. None of the inner branches in the tree of canid species based on partial hypervariable D-loop sequences were, however, statistically supported by the data raising the question whether the two Indian wolf lineages represent two new species, occupying an intermediate position betweenCanis latrans and C. lupus or have diverged from the sub-species of C. lupus due to isolation and drift. Here we report complete D-loop, cytochrome b, and 16S rRNA sequences data for 23 additional wolves from India analysed in the context of other canid species. Extended analyses of D-loop data and partial sequences of 16S rRNA showed highly reticulated pattern and were unable to resolve unambiguously the phylogenetic relationship of Indian wolves among other canid species. The phylogenetic reconstructions of cytochrome b sequences, however gave significant statistical support for the inner branches supporting genetic distinction of the two Indian wolf lineages within themselves as well as from all other wolves of the world, including individuals belonging to subspecies C. lupus chanco and C. lupus pallipes to which the two Indian wolf populations have been traditionally assigned. Their genetic differentiation relative to worldwide variation of wolves supports the suggestion to treat them as separate wolf species, C. himalayensis and C. indica.

IDENTIFICATION OF JAVAN LANGUR (Trachypithecus auratus) IN JAVAN LANGUR CENTER (JLC) COBAN TALUN-BATU BASED ON D-LOOP SEQUENCES

“…It is supported the morphological determination that two samples are not belongs to references species (Aggarwal et al, 2007). It is also supported a previous research which reported that Ijem belongs to Trachypithecus auratus mauritius while Embun is belongs to Trachypithecus auratus auratus based on Cyt-b sequence (Sakti, 2011).…”

The genetic structure of the Lithuanian wolf population

“…gov/Genebank) and published in Parra et al [14], Vila et al [18], Björnerfeldt et al [19], Aggarwal et al [20], Pilot et al [21], and Bekaert et al [22]. Bayesian tree was constructed using the MrBayes program [23].…”

“…We genotyped 29 autosomal microsatellite loci: 20,109,123,173,204,225,250,2001,2010,2054,2088,2137,2140,2159,2168, 2201, AHT002, AHT004, AHT101, AHT106, AHT126, AHT124, AHT133, AHT138, AHT119, AHT121, AHT136, AHT103, AHT125 [25][26][27][28][29]. Genotyping was performed using ABI3730XL (Uppsala Genome Center) and fragment analysis was done using GeneMapper 3.0 (Applied Biosystems).…”

Rediscovering a forgotten canid species

“…It should be noted, however, that the Holarctic grey wolf might not be a single species. Some wolf lineages, e.g., in India and North America may deserve species status as well [40][41][42].…”