Mitochondrial Dynamics in Stem Cells and Differentiation

Seo, Bong Jong; Yoon, Sang Hoon; Tae, Jeong

doi:10.20944/preprints201811.0024.v1

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Fission allows the exclusion of damaged mitochondria via mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis, whereas fusion allows mitochondria to exchange their substance including proteins and mtDNA among individual mitochondria (154). Abnormal mitochondrial dynamics is directly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, which impacts on a wide range of cellular processes, such as mitochondrial transport and biogenesis, cell-cycle regulation, cell proliferation and differentiation, energy metabolism, ROS production, Ca 2+ signaling, mtDNA maintenance, mitochondrial quality control via autophagy (mitophagy), and ultimately programmed cell death (155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160). Moreover, some mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins are known to be critical for embryonic development in mice (45,(161)(162)(163), further emphasizing that functions of mitochondrial dynamics go beyond the appearance of mitochondria and have important physiological consequences.…”

Section: Crosstalk Between Mitochondrial Dynamics and Other Cellular mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Mammalian Mitochondrial Dynamics: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2020

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Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles and important for a variety of cellular functions. They constantly undergo fission and fusion events, referred to as mitochondrial dynamics, which affects the shape, size, and number of mitochondria in the cell, as well as mitochondrial subcellular transport, mitochondrial quality control (mitophagy), and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Dysfunctional mitochondrial dynamics is associated with various human diseases. Mitochondrial dynamics is mediated by a set of mitochondria-shaping proteins in both yeast and mammals. In this review, we describe recent insights into the potential molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial fusion and fission, particularly highlighting the coordinating roles of different mitochondria-shaping proteins in the processes, as well as the roles of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the actin cytoskeleton and membrane phospholipids in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. We particularly focus on emerging roles for the mammalian mitochondrial proteins Fis1, Mff, and MIEFs (MIEF1 and MIEF2) in regulating the recruitment of the cytosolic Drp1 to the surface of mitochondria and how these proteins, especially Fis1, mediate crosstalk between the mitochondrial fission and fusion machineries. In summary, this review provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of mammalian mitochondrial dynamics and the involvement of these mechanisms in apoptosis and autophagy.

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Section: Crosstalk Between Mitochondrial Dynamics and Other Cellular mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Mammalian Mitochondrial Dynamics: Opportunities and Challenges

et al. 2020

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“…The fused or interconnected morphology of mitochondria is commonly found in metabolically active cells that depend on OXPHOS for energy production ( Zhang et al, 2018 ; Fu et al, 2019 ). In contrast, cells that utilize glycolytic metabolism for energy production primarily have unfused spherical mitochondria ( Seo et al, 2018 ; Zhang et al, 2018 ). Such immature mitochondria are metabolically less energetic and less polarized ( Collins et al, 2002 ).…”

Section: Morphological Characteristics Of Mitochondria In Mscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Dynamics: Fission and Fusion in Fate Determination of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Ren

Chen

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

105

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pivotal to tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration due to their potential for self-renewal, multilineage differentiation, and immune modulation. Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles that maintain their morphology via continuous fission and fusion, also known as mitochondrial dynamics. MSCs undergo specific mitochondrial dynamics during proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, or aging. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dynamics are key contributors to stem cell fate determination. The coordination of mitochondrial fission and fusion is crucial for cellular function and stress responses, while abnormal fission and/or fusion causes MSC dysfunction. This review focuses on the role of mitochondrial dynamics in MSC commitment under physiological and stress conditions. We highlight mechanistic insights into modulating mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial strategies for stem cell-based regenerative medicine. These findings shed light on the contribution of mitochondrial dynamics to MSC fate and MSC-based tissue repair.

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“…Mitochondrial dynamics are known to influence several mitochondria‐dependent biological processes, such as lipid homeostasis, calcium homeostasis, and ATP production (Tilokani, Nagashima, Paupe, & Prudent, 2018). Recent studies have also proposed a role for mitochondrial fusion and fission in regulating stem cell fate (Fu, Liu, & Yin, 2019; Seo, Yoon, & Do, 2018). In one interesting example, murine neural stem cells were shown to exhibit elongated mitochondria, and depletion of Mfn1 or Opa1 impaired their self‐renewal (Khacho et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%