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Sol–Gel Based Hydrophobic Antireflective Coatings on Organic Substrates: A Detailed Investigation of Ammonia Vapor Treatment (AVT)

“…Among the industrial-viable methods to produce these coatings, sol–gel chemistry is one of the most interesting because it is versatile, cost-effective, and easy to combine with liquid deposition techniques that permit an accurate control of the coating thickness. − AR coatings are mainly composed of silica due to its low intrinsic refractive index. They are generally produced by the sol–gel process because it offers the possibility to incorporate porosity to reduce the refractive index. − Additional properties such as hydrophobicity, , self-cleaning, − antifogging, or even a combination of all of them have been combined with antireflectivity to improve their optical property efficiency and long-term stability. Nevertheless, these sol–gel coatings are obtained through classical routes that generally involve thermal treatments at temperatures that may not be sustained by all types of substrate, such as thermally sensitive polymers.…”

Preparation of organic–inorganic nano-composites for antireflection coatings

“…AR-coatings are widely used on optical lenses, solar cells, eyeglasses, computer monitors, displays and any other optical surface that needs to impair the reflectance and improve the quality of optical images. There are typically two approaches to achieve low surface reflection: (1) a coating layer having inhomogeneous refractive index along the cross-section, and (2) interference-type multi-layer stacks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Theoretical and practical review of AR-coatings can be found in the literature [9].…”

Ammonia-catalyzed hydrolysis kinetics of mixture of tetraethoxysilane with methyltriethoxysilane by 29Si NMR

“…The so-called hybrid sol-gels are prepared by introducing organic group or polymer into the inorganic matrix [6][7][8]. Up to now, a large amount of researches have been reported on the organic/inorganic hybrid materials that was synthesized by hybrid sol-gel methods, aiming at the potential applications as optical device [9][10][11][12], functional thin films [13][14][15][16][17], and membrane for gas separation [18][19][20]. The final physical and chemical properties of the hybrid materials depend largely on two complex processes, i.e., the reactive pathway of precursor and the sol-gel evolution.…”